Plant Bio Exams 1, 2, And 3 - Final Prep

Front 1

Basic unit of growth in plants

Back 1

internode

Front 2

ATP is what?

Back 2

nucleotide

Front 3

Reduction is defined as the ____ of electrons

Back 3

gain

Front 4

The principal poly sacc. in plant cell is

Back 4

cellulose

Front 5

Correct layer order in plant cells?

Back 5

Middle, primary, secondary,

Front 6

__________ are major classes of ___ plant growth.

Back 6

Alkaloids and steroids; 2ndary

Front 7

Narrow channels through membranes are _____

Back 7

plasmodesmata

Front 8

________ runs through previous channels

Back 8

Desmotubules

Front 9

Grana are stacks of _____ in choloroplasts

Back 9

thylakoid membranes

Front 10

Plastid w/ colored pigments is....

Back 10

Chloroplast

Front 11

Feeback inhibition is.

Back 11

First enzyme inhibits last

Front 12

Hydrolysis of starch to gluclose ____ part of citric acid cycle

Back 12

NOT

Front 13

_______ doesn't take place in mitochondria

Back 13

Glycolysis

Front 14

All ATP = 2 except for

Back 14

6 molecules via NADH

Front 15

Oxidation of NADH synthase occurs in

Back 15

lactacte and alcohol fermination

Front 16

Extra reactions take place in

Back 16

cytosol

Front 17

electrons extracted from glucose accepted by ____ to make _____

Back 17

oxygen; water

Front 18

Chloroplasts absorp what wavelengths of light?

Back 18

blue and red

Front 19

____ is in all photosynthetic eukaryotes

Back 19

Cha

Front 20

Accessory pigments

Back 20

absorbs colors of light

Front 21

Accessory pigments absorb....

Back 21

All colors of light

Front 22

Light from one pigment to other is

Back 22

resonance energy transfer

Front 23

_________ are featured in noncyclic electron flow

Back 23

ATP, NADPH, and O2

Front 24

____ only in elec. flow

Back 24

ATP

Front 25

CO2 fixation is by what enzyme?

Back 25

RuBP

Front 26

Calvin cycle synthesizes what specifically?

Back 26

PGAL

Front 27

what are the 3 main stages of the Calvin Cycle

Back 27

Carbon uptake, reduction, regeneration

Front 28

NAD+ is regenerated to keep...

Back 28

aerobic respiration gain

Front 29

Test 2

Back 29

Test 2

Front 30

Photorespiration occurs when Rubisco binds to ___ to RuBP instead of ___

Back 30

O2; CO2

Front 31

Photorespiration is wasteful!

Back 31

Yes, yes it is.

Front 32

In C4, what happens to CO2 when releaded in bundle sheath?

Back 32

Calvin Cycle

Front 33

In CAM, where does malate go?

Back 33

Vacuole for storage

Front 34

Compared to C3, C4 is

Back 34

well adapted to drier areas

Front 35

all hormones do what?

Back 35

communicate info

Front 36

Apical dominance inhibits growth of

Back 36

lateral buds

Front 37

Plant hormone that is a gas?

Back 37

Ethylene

Front 38

Cytokines synthesize where?

Back 38

in roots

Front 39

Auxin transport is polar because of

Back 39

all choices on the test.

Front 40

If Auxin is < Cytokinin, what grows?

Back 40

Shoots

Front 41

Absiscic acid is related with what?

Back 41

stomata

Front 42

"Ca2+ ions flow in, anions flow out.... "

Back 42

"K+ ions flow out."

Front 43

Positive tropism is

Back 43

moving towards a stimulus

Front 44

Auxin is where in the stem for cell growth?

Back 44

Darkside

Front 45

growing roots oriented horizontally amyloplasts in root cap

Back 45

slide down

Front 46

Protoplast gravity senses..

Back 46

contents pressure on sides

Front 47

Thigmotropism is not

Back 47

cells touching support length more cells on other side.

Front 48

What is an altered growth pattern?

Back 48

thigmomorphogensis.

Front 49

Nastic?

Back 49

independent of stimulus

Front 50

nastic movement in a venus flytrap....

Back 50

water flows out

Front 51

solar tracking is

Back 51

following the light

Front 52

photoperiodism

Back 52

change in day length

Front 53

Pr is not

Back 53

biologically active

Front 54

Long day = short night plant

Back 54

Night < threshold

Front 55

Short day = Long night plant

Back 55

Night > threshold

Front 56

If there is a flash of light and a high level of Pr in the middle of the dark period...

Back 56

flowers will be inhibited in a SD plant

Front 57

an air bubble is an

Back 57

embolism

Front 58

air bubbles are prevented via

Back 58

surface tension of meniscus spanning pores of barked pit pair membrane

Front 59

hydraulic lift =

Back 59

transfer of h20 by roots from moist to dry regions of soil

Front 60

Signal transduction pathway

Back 60

Reception
Transduction
Induction

Front 61

TEST 3

Back 61

TEST 3

Front 62

The formation of a new species from copies of chromosomes multiplying is known as

Back 62

polyploidy

Front 63

Polyploidy speciation often occurs because _____ happens during meiosis

Back 63

nondisjunction

Front 64

The study of all kinds of biological diversity and the relationships between them is called

Back 64

systematics

Front 65

The study of estimating the evolutionary history of groups is called

Back 65

phylogeny

Front 66

the study of naming and classifying living things is called

Back 66

taxonomy

Front 67

the largest category in the classificaiton hierarchy is ___ and there are __ of them

Back 67

Domain; 3

Front 68

The binomial for poison ivy is toxicodendron radicans. This plant belongs to the genus

Back 68

Toxicodendron

Front 69

When a taxon contains all descendents of a single ancestral species, the taxon is said to be

Back 69

monophyletic

Front 70

When a taxon contains descendents of a single ancestral species, but not all of them, the taxon is said to be

Back 70

paraphyletic

Front 71

In a sporic life cycle, the sporophyte is

Back 71

the spore producing generation

Front 72

Organisms in the kingdom protists date back to before

Back 72

1.8 billion years ago

Front 73

the largest photosynthetic organisms in the kindgom Protists belong to the phylum

Back 73

Phaecophyta

Front 74

Bacillariophyta are almost entirely

Back 74

marine

Front 75

Red algae are

Back 75

Rhodophyta

Front 76

____ phylum are small unicellular organisms that store starch and are important in cold water food chains

Back 76

Cryptophyta

Front 77

____ are not of the heterokont group

Back 77

Chlorophyta

Front 78

______ contain multicellular organisms

Back 78

Rhodophyta

Front 79

Green algae and land plants do not share a

Back 79

cuticle

Front 80

_____ are the chlorophyta order that is thought to be mostly closely related to land plants

Back 80

Charales

Front 81

Land plants are thought to have originated

Back 81

475 million years ago

Front 82

The earliest land plants ______ have to be in water for their entire life cycle

Back 82

DID NOT

Front 83

Hornworms belong to

Back 83

Anthocerophyta

Front 84

Liverworts are of the phylum

Back 84

Hepatophyta

Front 85

The body of a non vascular plant is called the

Back 85

thallus

Front 86

At maturity, the sporophyte of most bryophyts consists of the

Back 86

foot, seta, and capsule

Front 87

Peat mosses belong to the phylum _____, class _______

Back 87

Bryophyta; Sphagnidae

Front 88

The _____ stage of the bryophyte life cycle is dominant

Back 88

Gametophyte

Front 89

the ______ stage of the Bryophyte life cycle is the main means of dispersal

Back 89

spore

Front 90

_______ stage of the vascular plant life cycle is dominant

Back 90

Sporophyte

Front 91

A conducting tissue is not considred true vascular tissue until it has

Back 91

lignin wall thickenings

Front 92

______ is the type of vascular cyclinder that is made of a solid cylinder of vascular tissue

Back 92

Protostele

Front 93

Secondary growth _____

Back 93

adds width, produces new cells at vascular cambium, evolved more than one time, occurs in some early vascular plant groups

Front 94

A true leaf that is a small stem outgrowth within a single strand of vascular tissue is called a

Back 94

microphyll

Front 95

The megaphyll developed in this order:

Back 95

Even branching; uneven branching; planation; fusion

Front 96

_____ = two types of spores

Back 96

Heterospory

Front 97

_______ = gametophyte life stage is quite small and is retained in side the spore wall as it develops

Back 97

Endosporice development

Front 98

Basic definition of a species:

Back 98

a group of organisms that can reproduce fertile offspring and have similar appearance.

Front 99

Characteristics seen in earliest land plants:

Back 99

Less emphasis on h20
sterile jacket of cells to help repro fx.
stomata