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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Continental Rifting
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Red Sea, eventually will become an ocean in Europe. Great canyon system
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Break up of Pangea
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The continents used to be one, then they broke up to make a new ocean basin
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Composition of Earth's atmosphere
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Nitrogen 75.5 %, Oxygen 23.1%, Ar, CO2
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Was earth ever very carbon dioxide rich?
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Yes
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What is the primary gas that comes out of a planet?
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Carbon Dioxide
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What consumes carbon dioxide to produce free oxygen?
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Photosynthetic organisms
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Greenhouse effect:
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Infrared radiation is trapped by the greenhouse gasses (CO2). The increase of CO2 makes earth get hotter (global warming)
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Mars has what percent of Carbon Dioxide?
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95
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Can we see through Venus' clouds?
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We can't see through the clouds within the VISUAL PERSPECTIVE
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Venus' cloud structure is what?
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Ultra Violet
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If we take away Earth's oceans, are the tectonics different or the same?
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Different, but there are similarites
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Why doesn't Venus have oceans?
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It is too close to the sun
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Who discovered Venus, When?
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Venus was discovered by Mikhail Lomonsov during the transit of 1761.
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Does Venus have a magnetic field? What does this mean?
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No, so there is no protection against solar wind
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What motion is venus rotating in? How fast?
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Retrograde motion. Very slow.
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Why is Venus rotating the way it is?
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Because of a catostrophic collision
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What bar atmosphere is Earth?
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1 bar (1000 millibars)
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Venus' atmosphere gets how hot? Is it windy?
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It gets to about 900 degrees farenheight. High winds are only in the upper atmsphere at 240 km/h. There are no winds on the surface.
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If it is windy on Venus, what would happen?
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Because of the density, anything would be blown away
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On Venus, because of the greenhouse effect, the polar regions are the same as....
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the equatorial temperatures
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On Venus, do where do acids exist? Why?
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In the upper atmosphere, because it is too hot on the surface
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Why are Venus' plate tectonics different than earths?
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Because of the lack of water, the plates behave differently
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On Venus, the impact crater Howe was taken from what imagery?
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Magellan
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Does Venus' atmosphere provide protection against impact?
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No, something the size of a builiding could impact it.
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Shield volcanoes on Venus
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Fluid lava flows, randomly distributed (Earth's aren't), The volcanes are related to the divergent margins or hot spot plunes in the upper mantle.
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On Venus, the Aine Corona is:
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a volcano that has lava flow, volcanic domes.
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Carbon dioxide in Venus' atmoshpere makes up what percent? What about earths?
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Venus' carbon dioxide makes up about 96 percent, Earth's makes up about 1 percent.
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On earth, where is all of our carbon dioxide stored?
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It is buried in rock along with Photosynthetic organisms.
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Mars is what size when compared to earth?
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Half the size.
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What is the key gas on Mars?
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Carbon Dioxide
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Mars' atmosphere is what percent of earths?
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1 percent or 1/100th of a bar
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Is Mars' atmosphere thick or thin?
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Thin
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Mars' atmosphere is similar to what other planet?
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Venus'
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Mars atmoshere, is it cold or hot? thin or thick or dry or moist?
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Very cold, thin and dry
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What kind of storms are on mars, why?
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Dust storms, because the variation in surface temperature creates wind
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Mars' polar ice camps:
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Mostly carbon dioxide ice. The south polar region is cold enough because of the high altitude. It has carbon dioxide snow/ice/frost
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Why is mars red?
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Because of the iron oxide in the soil
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Why is Mars' sky pink?
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Because of dust
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Compare Mars' diamter to earths. What about the obliquity?
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Mars is half the diamter of earth, and the obliquity of earth.
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Seasonal growth and decay of _____ on mars.
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Seasonal growth and decay of ice caps on mars.
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When the volcanoes are not active on mars, what happens?
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The gases are released into space.
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If mars were to have an ocean, where would it be?
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The Oceanus Borealis in the northern hemisphere
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Olympus is the moon's highest....
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shield volcano
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The bio maranarous canyon system is the...
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greatest canyon system on mars
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When pressure increases, water....
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evaporates
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What colors indicate high and low altitude?
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Blue indicates low, Yellow and red indicate high
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How did the canyons from on Mars?
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Continental rifting
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IS there evidence that the south polar cap is getting larger or smaller?
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larger
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In mars, a denser, wetter, and warm atmosphere can provide more ___ in the southern hemisphere.
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Snow
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IF you open a meteor rock, you find?
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Calcium carbonate, which is CACO3
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The distance from the the sun to the following planets Jupiter, Saturn Uranus and Neptune is
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5 10 20 30
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Jupiter, what space craft orbits it?
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Galileo
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Calculate the amount of solar radiation of Earth and Jupiter
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Jupiter is 1/25 (1/(5*5)) and Earth's is 1/(2*2).
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The voyager space craft took how long?
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12 years
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On jupiter, the rotation period takes how long to complete a rotation?
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10 hours
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The strong centrifugal forces at the equator give jupiter a
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spheroid bulging equator
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Jupiters crust:
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First: Thin crust, next one is is liquid hydrogen and helium (a liquid because of high pressure) , this genereates electrical currents.
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The circulation pattern on Jupiter: Why does it have a colorful atmosphere?
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Ammonia ice crystals, ammonia hydrosulfide and water ice crystals provide the color
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On saturn, what is the 'best place to play hide and seek' in?
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The A ring
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On Saturn, what rings move fastest? What moves the slowest?
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The A ring moves the slowest because it is on the outside, the Inside, the D ring, moves the fastest
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On saturn, if there were no moons, what would happen?
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The rings would deplete
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Occultation data provides us information on: how?
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grain size, grain shape and spacing. It occurs from the light of a distance start passing through the rings system
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Enceladus moon is in what ring?
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The E ring. (The E ring is just outside of the A ring)
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Titan is the largest moon of:
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Saturn
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Why does titan have an atosphere nad other's dont?
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The colder gets, the slower it moves. The gases are very sluggish because it is so cold.
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It is too cold for rainfall, so what does it rain on titan?
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Ethane
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Who discovered Uranus? When?
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William Herschel in 1782
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What is Uranus' obliquity?
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98 degrees
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What is Earth's obliquity?
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Between 22 and 24
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Which way does Uranus spin? why?
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A catastrophic impact reoritented the spin axis, making it spin on it's side. This has the HIGHEST OBLIQUITY OF THE PLANETS
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Deep greens and blues mean presence of:
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Nitrogen and methane gas.
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Are Uranus' seasons similar to Earth's?
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Very different
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Uranus' rings orbit in the:
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Equlitorial plane
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Titan has what in the atmosphere?
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Ethane and Methane
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The axil Inclination of Saturn's obliquity lets us see...
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the different orientations of the rings
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On Venus, astronomers use ______ and _____ to penetrate the clouds and images to see the surface.
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Radar and Microwaves. This was developed by the soviets.
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Venus' atmosphere is made mostly of____________ and a small of amount of _____
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Carbon dioxide, 96 percent, and nitrogen 3.5 percent
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Venus rotates:
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clockwise
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Venus is considered a twin of
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earth
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On Venus, the temperature has reached
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745k (880 degrees farenhight)
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