Plains Wars

Front 1

1851

First Fort Laramie Treaty: Settlers could not pass through Indian territory

Back 1

Settlers could not pass through Indian territory.

Front 2

1862

Little Crow's war

Back 2

Little Crow led the Sioux in attacks on the Indian Agency and American troops resulting in 303 Indians being sentenced to death.

Front 3

1862

Gold was discovered in the Rocky Mountains.

Back 3

Miners crossed the Sioux lands, to get the gold, breaking the Fort Laramie Treatie. The Sioux reacted by attacking the travellers.

Indian bands that had not returned to their reservtions were attacked. this led to the Battle of Little Big Horn.

Front 4

1864

Sand Creek Massacre:

Back 4

Army volunteers attacked a Cheyenne village, killing many and resulting in the Cheyenne fighting a war against settlers for 4 years.

Front 5

1866

Start of Red Cloud's war:

Back 5

Red Cloud led the Sioux in attacks on forts along the Bozeman trail. They surrounded Fort Phil Kearney.

Front 6

1868

Second Fort Laramie Treaty:

Back 6

The Great Sioux reservation was created. The Sioux destroyed all the settlers forts when they left.

Front 7

1874

The Seventh cavalry discovered gold in the Black Hills.

Back 7

This resulted in the Black Hills being invaded by miners. The U.S army were unable to prevent this and the Fort Laramie Treaty was broken once again

Front 8

1875

The Southern Herd was destroyed by buffalo hunters killing them for their hides.

Back 8

This meant that The Indians were losing an important resource.

Front 9

1876

The Great Sioux war:

Back 9

Indians bands that had not returned to their reservations were attacked. This campaign led to the Battle of Little Bighorn.

Front 10

1876

Battle of Little Bighorn: Custer led troops to attack a Sioux camp for not returning to the reservation but were defeated

Back 10

Custer led troops to attack a Sioux camp for not returning to the reservation but were defeated.

Front 11

1883

The Northern herd was destroyed

Back 11

This caused even greater hardship to the Indians.

Front 12

1887

The Dawes General Allotment Act was passed

Back 12

This broke up the reservations into individual plots which turned the Indians into land-oning farmers.

Front 13

1889

A holy man called Wovoka had a vision...

Back 13

...telling him that the Indians must dance the Ghost Dance and a Messiah would come and the whites would disappear

Front 14

1890

Battle of Wounded Knee:

Back 14

The soldiers went to disarm the Indians but some resisted resulting in the soldiers opening fire and killing 146 Indians.