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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Factors that limit our sensory experience
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Motivation
Absolute threshold Noise Sensory adaptation |
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Behavioral Effects of Sleep Deprivation
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Hallucinations
Omissions Memory lapses Mood swings Attentional deficits Response time increases Ciradian Rhythm Disruption = OMMAR |
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Classical Conditioning(acquire)
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Acquire-
US = UR NS+US=UR CS=CR |
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Operant Conditioning(acquire)
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Acquire-
continuous reinforcement shaping |
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Observational Learning(acquire)
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Acquire-
Attention Retention Reproduction Motivation Choose Model- social Power Avoidance of Punishment Vicarious Reinforcement status Envy Similarity to learner Secondary reinforcer |
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Types of stress
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Frustration
Conflict Change Pressure |
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Stages of General Adaptation Syndrome
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Alarm Stage
Resistance Stage Exhaustion Stage |
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Steps for reducing stress
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Problem Solving
Exercise Social Support Imagery Relaxation Techniques |
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Developement of Prejudice
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Socialization
Competition Frustration In-group vs. Out-group |
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Maintenance of Prejudice
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Biases in attribution
Stereotyping and person perception operant conditioning |
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Reducing prejudice
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Norms of Equality
Interdependence and Cooperation Close Sustained Contact Equal Status |
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Components of the Achievement Motive
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Sports Illustrated is For Fun
-Situational Determinants Estimated probability of Success Incentive Value -Individual Differences Expect to succeed Future oriented/delay gratification Hard workers -Fear of Failure (motivates us to succeed) |
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Freud’s Defense Mechanisms
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Displacement
Reaction Formation Projection Rationalization Identification Denial Regression Repression “DR PRIDe RR |
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Cognitive Dissonance Theory
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Exists when related cognitions are inconsistent; they contradict each other.
Inconsistency Tension Reduction of Tension -Alter cognitions -Effort Justification |
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Psychological Reactance Theory
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Restriction- unfair and unjust
Reactance- desire is more than before object or behavior is restricted. Result- Subject will seek the restricted object |
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Self-Perception Theory
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Neutral attitude toward object
Behavior is performed Absence of external factors(threats/rewards) Develop an attitude toward object. Not BAD |
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key processes in memory
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Encoding
Storage Retrieval |
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Sensory Memory(capacity)
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Capacity - large but only 1sec
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Types of Memory
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Sensory Memory
Working or Short-term Memory Long Term Memory |
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Working or Short Term Memory(encoded by)
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Working Memory
Encoded by - Sensory Gating Selective Attention |
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Long Term Memory(encoded by)
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Encoded by -
ELABORATIVE REHEARSAL Mnemonics Context Imagery Meaning Organization |
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Classical Conditioning(maintain)
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Maintain-
Periodically Pair the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus |
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Classical Conditioning(stop or modify)
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Stop or Modify-
Extinction - pairing the CS without the UCS Counter-Conditioning - Pairing the CS with a new UCS |
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Operant Conditioning(maintain)
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Maintain-
Partial Reinforcement Schedules Periodic Pos/Neg Reinforcement |
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Operant Conditioning(stop or modify)
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Stop or Modify-
Punishment Extinction |
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Observational Learning(maintain)
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Maintain-
Reinforcement -Direct -Vicarious -Intrinsic |
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Observational Learning(stop or modify)
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Stop or Modify-
Punishment -Direct -Vicarious Provide new role model |
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Sensory Memory(lost by)
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Lost by - Decay
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Working or Short Term Memory(capacity)
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Capacity -
7+-2 chunks 20-30 sec |
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Working or Short Term Memory(lost by)
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Lost by -
Decay Displacement |
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Working or Short Term Memory(maintained by)
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Maintained by -
Maintenance Rehearsal Chunking |
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Long Term Memory(capacity)
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Capacity -
Infinite Capacity Indefinite Duration |
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Long Term Memory(lost by)
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Lost by -
Motivated Forgetting Interference |
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Long Term Memory(retrieval)
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Retrieval -
Recall Recognition |