Pj-Hnf Osteo

Front 1

Name the bones of the Neurocranium

Back 1

Bones of the Neurocranium :-

i)Frontal bone

ii)Parietal bones (2)

iii)Temporal bones (2)

iv)Occipital bone

v)Sphenoid bone

vi)Ethmoid bone

Front 2

Name the bones of the Viscerocranium

Back 2

Bones of the Viscerocranium :-

i)Maxillae (2, then fuse)

ii)Nasal bones (2)

iii)Zygomatic bones (2)

iv)Palatine bones (2)

v)Lacrimal bones (2)

vi)Inferior conchae (2)

vii)Vomer

viii)Mandible

ix)Hyoid

Front 3

Name the unpaired bones of the Neurocranium

Back 3

There are four unpaired bones of the neurocranium:

1)ethmoid,

2)sphenoid,

3)frontal,

4)occipital.

Front 4

Name the paired bones of the Neurocranium

Back 4

There are 2 sets of paired bones of the Neurocranium:(2x2=4)

i)Parietal bones (2)

ii)Temporal bones (2)

Front 5

Name the paired bones of the Viscerocranium

Back 5

There are 6 sets of paired bones of the Viscerocranium:-(6x2=12)

i)Maxillae (2, then fuse)

ii)Nasal bones (2)

iii)Zygomatic bones (2)

iv)Palatine bones (2)

v)Lacrimal bones (2)

vi)Inferior conchae(2)

Front 6

Name the unpaired bones of the Viscerocranium

Back 6

There are four unpaired bones of the Viscerocranium :

1)Vomer

2)Mandible

3)Hyoid

Front 7

Name the bones of the viscerocranium formed byintramembranous growth

Back 7

NOTE:All bones of the viscerocranium(except the mandibularcondyle) form byintramembranous growth

Bones of the Viscerocranium formed by intramembranous growth :-

i)Maxillae (2, then fuse)

ii)Nasal bones (2)

iii)Zygomatic bones (2)

iv)Palatine bones (2)

v)Lacrimal bones (2)

vi)Inferior conchae(2)

vii)Vomer

viii)Mandible (except the mandibular condyle)

ix)Hyoid

Front 8

Which is the weakest part of the skull?

Back 8

The pterion is considered the weakest part of the skull.

NOTE: Deep to the pterion runs the middle meningeal, which maybe damaged with trauma to the pterion.

Front 9

Which bone forms the floor of the middle cranial fossa?

Back 9

Petrous part of the temporal bone forms the floor of the middle cranial fossa and separates middle and posterior cranial fossae.

Front 10

Which bone separates middle and posterior cranial fossae?

Back 10

Petrous temporal bone forms the floor of the middle cranial fossa and separates middle and posterior cranial fossae.

Front 11

Name an important artery located in the middle cranial fossa.

Back 11

Middle meningeal artery islocated in middle cranial fossa(exits foramen spinosum).

Front 12

Name the bones that form the Anterior Cranial Fossa

Back 12

The 3 bones that form the Anterior Cranial Fossa are:-

( switch OFf the Central Email Security Server)

1)Orbital plates of the Frontal bone,

2)Cribriform plates of the Ethmoid bone, and

3)Small wings of Sphenoid bone

Front 13

Name the bones that form the Middle Cranial Fossa

Back 13

The 2 bones that form the Middle Cranial Fossa are:-

(Giant Snails are PeSTs)

1)Greater wings of the Sphenoid bone ,and

2)Petrous and the Squamous portions of the Temporal bones

Front 14

Name the bones that form the Posterior Cranial Fossa

Back 14

The bones that form the Posterior Cranial Fossa are:-

(SMarT Ox)

1)Squamous and Mastoid portion of Temporal bones and

2)Occipital bone

Front 15

What are the contents of the Anterior Cranial Fossa?

Back 15

The 4 contents of the Anterior Cranial Fossa are:- (FC FC)

1)Frontal lobes

2)Cribriform plate

3)Foramen cecum

4)Crista galli

Front 16

What are the contents of the Middle Cranial Fossa ?

Back 16

The contents of the Middle Cranial Fossa are:-

(POT CST For Maggie, Roti, Spicy Omelet)

1) Pituitary

2) Optic foramen

3) Temporal lobes

4) Carotid canal

5) Superior orbital fissure

6) Trigeminal ganglion

7)Foramen Magnum

8)Foramen Rotundum

9)Foramen Ovale

10)Foramen Spinosum

Front 17

What are the contents of the Posterior Cranial Fossa ?

Back 17

The contents of the Posterior Cranial Fossa are:- (OBC IJ FH)

1)Occipital lobes

2)Brain stem

3)Cerebellum

4)Internal acoustic meatus

5)Jugular foramen

6)Foramen magnum

7)Hypoglossal canal

Front 18

Name the bone(s) in which Foramen cecum is present.

Back 18

Foramen cecum is present in

1)Frontal and

2)Ethmoid bones

Front 19

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Foramen cecum

Back 19

Emissary vein passes through Foramen cecum

Front 20

Name the bone(s) in which Greater palatine foramen is present.

Back 20

Greater palatine foramen is present in the Palatine bone

Front 21

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Greater palatine foramen

Back 21

Greater palatine nerve, artery, vein pass through the Greater palatine foramen

Front 22

Name the bone(s) in which Lesser palatine foramen is present.

Back 22

Greater palatine foramen is present in the Palatine bone

Front 23

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Lesser palatine foramen

Back 23

Lesser palatine nerve, artery, vein pass through the Lesser palatine foramen

Front 24

Name the bone(s) in which Incisive canal is present.

Back 24

Incisive canal is present in the Maxilla

Front 25

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Incisive canal

Back 25

Nasopalatine nerve passes through the Incisive canal

Front 26

Name the bone(s) in which Supraorbital foramen is present.

Back 26

Supraorbital foramen is present in the Frontal bone

Front 27

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Supraorbital foramen

Back 27

Supraorbital nerve, artery, vein pass through the Supraorbital foramen

Front 28

Name the bone(s) in which Infraorbital foramen is present.

Back 28

Infraorbital foramen is present in the Sphenoid and maxilla

Front 29

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Infraorbital foramen

Back 29

Infraorbital nerve (V2), artery, and vein pass through the Infraorbital foramen

Front 30

Name the bone(s) in which Optic canal is present.

Back 30

Optic canal is present in theSphenoid bone.

Front 31

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Optic canal

Back 31

Optic nerve (II) and ophthalmic artery pass through the Optic canal

Front 32

Name the bone(s) in which Superior orbital fissure is present.

Back 32

Superior orbital fissure is present in the Sphenoid bone (between greater and lesser wings)

Front 33

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Superior orbital fissure

Back 33

The structures which pass through the Superior orbital fissure are :- (OATTS)

1)Oculomotor (III),

2) Abducens (VI),

3) Trochlear (IV),

4)Trigeminal(V1–lacrimal, frontal, andnasociliary nerves), and

5)Superiorophthalmic vein

Front 34

Name the vein which passes through the Superior orbital fissure

Back 34

Superior ophthalmic vein passes through the Superior orbital fissure

Front 35

Name the bone(s) in which Inferior orbital fissure is present.

Back 35

Inferior orbital fissure (leads to infraorbital foramen) .

It is present in the Sphenoid and maxilla

Front 36

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Inferior orbital fissure

Back 36

The structures which pass through the Superior orbital fissure are :-

1)V2,

2)Infraorbital vessels,

3)Ascending branches of sphenopalatine ganglion

Front 37

Name the bone(s) in which Foramen rotundum is present

Back 37

Foramen rotundum is present in Sphenoid bone.

Front 38

Name the structure(s) which pass through the Foramen rotundum

Back 38

V2 passes through the Foramen rotundum

Front 39

Name the bone in which the Foramen ovale is present

Back 39

Sphenoid

Front 40

Name the structures which pass through the Foramen ovale

Back 40

1)V3,

2)parasympathetic fibers from CN IX via lesser petrosal nerve, 3)accessory meningeal artery

Front 41

Name the bone in which the Foramen spinosum is present

Back 41

Sphenoid

Front 42

Name the structures which pass through the Foramen spinosum

Back 42

Middle meningeal artery and vein pass through the Foramen spinosum

Front 43

Name the bone in which the Petrotympanic fissure is present

Back 43

The Petrotympanic fissure is present in the Temporal bone

Front 44

Name the structures which pass through the Petrotympanic fissure

Back 44

1)Chorda tympani,and

2)anterior tympanic artery

pass through the Petrotympanic fissure

Front 45

Name the bone in which the Foramen lacerum is present

Back 45

Foramen lacerum is present in the Temporal and sphenoid bones

Front 46

Name the structures passing through the Foramen lacerum

Back 46

Greater and deep petrosal nerve and parasympathetic fibers from CN VII via nervus intermediate, pass through the Foramen lacerum

Front 47

Name the bone in which the Internal acoustic meatus is present

Back 47

Internal acoustic meatus is present in the Temporal bone (petrous)

Front 48

Name the structures passing through the Internal acoustic meatus

Back 48

VII and VIII pass through the Internal acoustic meatus

Front 49

Name the bone in which theStylomastoid foramen is present

Back 49

Stylomastoid foramen is present in the Temporal Bone

Front 50

Name the structures passing through the Stylomastoid foramen

Back 50

Facial nerve (VII) passes through the Stylomastoid foramen

Front 51

Name the bone in which the Jugular foramen is present

Back 51

Jugular foramen is present in the Temporal and Occipital bones

Front 52

Name the structures passing through the Jugular foramen

Back 52

Structures that pass through the Jugular foramen are:-

1)IJV,

2)glossopharyngeal (IX),

3)Vagus (X), and

4)Spinal accessory (XI) nerves

Front 53

Name the bone in which the Foramen magnum is present

Back 53

Foramen magnum is present in the Occipital bone

Front 54

Name the structures passing through the Foramen magnum

Back 54

The structures passing through theForamen magnum are:-

1)Medulla oblongata/spinal cord,

2)Vertebral arteries,

3)Spinal accessory nerve

Front 55

Name the bone in which the Mandibular foramen is present

Back 55

Mandibular foramen is present in the Mandible I

Front 56

Name the structures passing through the Mandibular foramen

Back 56

Inferior alveolar nerve,artery, vein pass through the Mandibular foramen

Front 57

Name the bone in which the Mental foramen is present

Back 57

Mental foramen is present in the Mandible

Front 58

Name the structures passing through the Mental foramen

Back 58

Mental nerve, artery, and vein pass through the Mental foramen

Front 59

Name the components of the ethmoid bone and state their function.

Back 59

The components of the Ethmoid are:-

(CO CAF Lp SLAM PLN=Cribby Oswal & Chris Attach False Lateral plate to SLAM Perpendicular plate of Nose)

1)Cribriform plate:- Olfactory foramina.

2)Crista galli :-Attaches to falx cerebri.

3)Lateral plates:-Contain ethmoid sinuses,lamina papyracea, superior and middle nasal conchae.

4)Perpendicular plate:- Superior part of nasal septum.

Front 60

Name the components of the Sphenoid bone and state their function.

Back 60

The components of the Sphenoid are:-

(Bs Glo LM: Big Guy Less Money)

(BeSt GLow from Less Optic SA & Medium PH)

1)Hollow body :Sella turcica and sphenoidal sinuses.

2)Greater wings :Lateral orbital wall and roof ofinfratemporal fossa.

3)Lesser wings: Optic canal, superior orbitalfissue, anterior clinoid process

4)Medial and lateral pterygoid plate : Lateral pterygoid plate is attachment for both medial and lateral pterygoidmuscles; medial pterygoid plateends as a hamulus (tensor velipalatine muscle hooks around this).

Front 61

Name the foramina contained in the Greater Wing of Sphenoid

Back 61

The greater wing of sphenoidcontains three foramina: (ROS)

1)rotundum,

2)ovale,

3)spinosum(middle cranial fossa).

Front 62

How many bones constitute the orbit? Name them.

Back 62

BONES OF THE ORBIT

The orbit comprises 7 bones:

(Special Large Parcel FroM ZEe)

1■ Sphenoid

2■ Lacrimal

3■ Palatine

4■ Frontal

5■ Maxilla

6■ Zygoma

7■ Ethmoid

Front 63

Name the vessel which constitutes the major blood supply of the eye.

Back 63

#The ophthalmic artery(a branch of the internalcarotid artery, ICA) is themajor blood supply to theorbit and eye.

#It enters theorbit with the optic nerve viathe optic canal.

Front 64

Name the structures that the upper and lower orbital plates are continuous with.

Back 64

The upper orbital septum iscontinuous with the levatorpalpebrae superioris (ULPS)

Thelower orbital septum iscontinuous with the tarsalplate. (LTP)

Front 65

Give two synonyms for the zygomatic bone

Back 65

The zygomatic bone is also referred to as the malar bone or cheekbone.

Front 66

Name the parts of the orbit that are formed by the Zygomatic bone.

Back 66

The Zygomatic bone forms a part of the lateral wall and floor of the orbit.

Front 67

Name the bones that the Zygomatic bone articulates with.

Back 67

The Zygomatic bone articulates with the :-

1)Maxilla (anteriorly),

2)Temporal bone (posteriorly), and

3)frontal bone (superiorly).

Front 68

Name the bones that form the zygomatic arch.

Back 68

ZYGOMATIC ARCH is formed by temporal process of zygomatic bone and zygomatic process oftemporal bone.

Front 69

Back 69

Frontal crest

Crista galli

Anterior ethmoidal foramina

Anterior cranial fossaPosterior ethmoidal foramina

Foramen rotundumAnterior clinoid process

Optic canalTuberculum sellaeHypophyseal fossaDorsum sellaePosterior clinoid process

Clivus

Hypoglossal canalInternal acoustic meatus

Jugular tubercleJugular foramenSulcus of sigmoid sinus

Foramen magnumPosterior cranial fossaInternal occipital crestInternal occipital protuberance

Foramen cecum

Cribriform plate of ethmoid

External laminaOrbital part of frontal bone

Internal lamina

Diploe

Lesser wing of sphenoid

Superior orbital fissure

Greater wing of sphenoid

Foramen lacerumForamen ovaleForamen spinosumTrigeminal impressionPetrooccipital fissureSulcus of superior petrosal sinus

Middle cranial fossaExternal aperture vestibularaqueductMastoid foramenSulcus of transverse sinus

Front 70

Name the parts of the maxillary bones.

Back 70

The Maxillary Bones consists of a body and four processes:

1.zygomatic,

2.frontal,

3.alveolar, and

4.palatine.

Front 71

Enlist the boundries that the maxilla forms

Back 71

Forms boundaries of three cavities.

(MON)

1■ Roof of the mouth (palate).

2■ Floor of the orbit.

3■ Floor and lateral wall of the nose.

Front 72

Name the Fossae formed by the maxilla

Back 72

Forms two fossae (It Pp)

1 ■ Infratemporal

2■ Pterygopalatine.

Front 73

Name the Fissures formed by the maxilla

Back 73

Forms two fissures. (Io Pm)

■ Infraorbital.

■ Pterygomaxillary.

Front 74

Boundries of Infratemporal fossa

Back 74

ANTERIOR -(PM)

Posterior Maxilla

POSTERIOR-(AT Shoppers stop)

Articular tubercle of the temporal bone, Spine of the sphenoidal bone

MEDIAL-(LPgS)

Lateral Pterigoid plate of sphenoid

LATERAL-MR

Mandibular Ramus

ROOF-GS

Greater wing of Sphenoid (with foramen ovale, CN V3)

FLOOR-MP

Meadial Pterigoid muscle (superior surface where it inserts into the mandible)

Front 75

Boundries of Pterygopalatine fossa

Back 75

ANTERIOR-

Maxilla

POSTERIOR-

Pterygoid plates

MEDIAL-

Nasal fossa

LATERAL-

Infratemporal fossa

ROOF-

Greater wing of Sphenoid (opens into inferior orbital fissure)

FLOOR-

Pyramidal process of palatine bone (inferior ends contain palatine canal)