Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
growth hormone agonists
|
somatropin
somatrem |
|
|
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1)
|
mediates growth
|
|
|
mechanism of GH signaling activity
|
dimerization of two GH receptors stimulated by a single GH molecule activates signaling via JAK/STAT resulting in gene expression of IGF-1
|
|
|
adverse effects of GH agonists
|
edema
gynecomastia peripheral edema myalgia/arthralgias carpal tunnel syndrome |
|
|
GH treatment is contraindicated in who
|
patients with known malignancy
|
|
|
GH antagonists
|
Octreotide
Pegvisomant |
|
|
somatostatin analog that binds SSTR2 & 5 which inhibits GH release
|
octreotide
|
|
|
GH receptor antagonist that blocks GH receptor conformational change
|
pegvisomant
|
|
|
Adverse effects associated with octreotide
|
gallstones
sinus bradycardia conduction disturbances |
|
|
associated with IGF-1 production and therefore hypoglycemia
|
octreotide
|
|
|
GH antagonist associated with use in esophageal variceal bleed
|
octreotide
|
|
|
DA agonists
|
bromocriptine
pergolide |
|
|
DA agonists against the D2 receptors result in what
|
decreased prolactin secretion
|
|
|
indicated use for DA agonists
|
hyperprolactinemia
Parkinson's |
|
|
Adverse effects of DA agonists
|
orthostatic hypotension
|
|
|
used in women with anovulation; or male infertility
|
FSH/LH receptor agonists
|
|
|
differentiate pulsatile and nonpulsatile administration of GnRH drugs
|
pulsatile - precipitate LH surge and ovulation in women with infertility who are taking gonadotropins; or for infertility in men with hypogonatism
nonpulsatile - inhibits release of gonadotropin |
|
|
side effects of GnRH drugs
|
menopause
ovarian cysts osteoporosis |
|
|
GnRH receptor antagonists
|
ganirelix
cetrorelix |
|
|
what are GnRH receptor antagonists indicated for
|
prevent LH surge during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (fertility treatment)
|
|
|
actions of oxytocin
|
stimulates uterine contraction via PLC-IP3-Ca pathway and increased prostaglandin production
mild ejection |
|
|
indications for oxytocin
|
induce labor
control postpartum uterine bleeding |
|
|
may cause hypertensive crisis and water retention by activating vasopressin receptors
|
oxytocin
|
|
|
associated with water retention and vasoconstriction
|
vasopressin
|
|
|
associated with water reabsorption
|
desmopressin
|
|
|
this water reabsorption drug is dangerous in patients with CAD
|
vasopressin
|
|
|
indication for desmopressin
|
central DI
nocturnal enuresis coagulopathy in hemophilia and Von Willibrand disease |
|
|
indicated use for vasopressin
|
bleeding due to esophageal varices or diverticulosis
|
|
|
recombinant form of IGF-1
|
mecasermin
|
|
|
used in patients that are not responsive to exogenous GH therapy
|
mecasermin
|
|
|
adverse effect of mecasermin
|
hypoglycemia
|
|
|
agonists of the FSH receptor
|
follitropin alpha and beta
urofollitropin |
|
|
contains both FSH and LH activity
|
menotropins (hMG)
|
|
|
used for controlled ovulation hyperstimulation in women; or infertility due to hypogonadism in men
|
FSH/LH receptor agonists
|
|
|
adverse effects of FSH receptor agonists
|
ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
multiple pregnancies gynecomastia in men |
|
|
GnRH agonist activity
|
leuprolide
gondaorelin goserelin |
|
|
antagonist of oxytocin receptor
|
atosiban
|
|
|
used to inhibit preterm labor
|
atosiban
|
|
|
when is continuous (non-pulsatile) GnRH agonist treatment indicated
|
1. suppress endogenous gonadotropin secretion in women undergoing ovulation induction with gonadotropins
2. gynecologic disorders 3. children with precocious puberty 4. men with advanced prostate cancer |
|
|
long-term treatment with GnRH agonist can result in what
|
osteoporosis
|
|
|
differentiate the adverse effects of GnRH antagonists over agonists
|
GnRH antagonists do not cause a tumor flare-up when used for treatment for advanced prostate cancer and are less likely to cause the ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
|
|
|
used to treat acromegaly, carcinoid, gastrinoma, and glucagonoma
|
octreotide
|
|
|
inhibits the release of GH, glucagon, insulin, and gastrin
|
somatostatin - octreotide
|
|
|
primary regulator of spermatogenesis
|
FSH
|
|
|
characteristics of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
|
ovarian enlargement
ascites hypovolemia shock |
|
|
3 steps in ovulation protocol that use gonadotropins
|
1. endogenous gonadotropin production is inhibited (GnRH agonist or antagonist)
2. follicle development via FSH agonist 3. oocyte maturation induced via LH agonist or hCG |
|
|
LH agonist activity
|
lutropin
|
|
|
V1 and V2 receptor agonist
|
vasopressin
|
|
|
V2 selective agonist
|
Desmopressin
|
|
|
differentiate V1 and V2 activity
|
V1 - vasoconstriction
V2 - increase aquaporins, release coagulation factor VIII and von Willebrand factor |
