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22 Cards in this Set

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  • Back
Which way does water move in osmosis? Towards or away from the higher osmolar solution?
Towards the higher osmolarity solution.
Where does ADH work?
In the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct of the kidney
What is the effect of ADH on the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct of the kidney?
It allows for the free passage of water. This allows water to be pulled out of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct and to reenter the body.
What is SIADH?
A pathological condition in which too much ADH is secreted.
What are the effects of SIADH?
The effects of SIADH are excess water retention, and low Na+ concentration in body tissues.
What are some of the symptoms of SIADH?
Headache, confusion, nausea and vomiting, and eventually coma and convulsions. It may lead to death.
True/false SIADH can only be caused by tumors that secrete ADH
False – SIADH can have many causes
A high dose of cortisol, or a cortisol -like drug like cortisone, will cause the same effect as what other steroid?
Aldosterone
A high dose of oxytocin can mimic what other pituitary hormone?
ADH
What drugs used to treat SIADH?
demeclocycline/Declomycin
How does demeclocycline/Declomycin work?
demeclocycline/Declomycin works in the kidney to block ADH effect.
What side effect can demeclocycline/Declomycin have if the patient is exposed to sunlight?
The patient can develop extreme light sensitivity, and thus get a bad sunburn.
demeclocycline/Declomycin can reduce the effectiveness of what class of drugs?
Oral contraceptives
What is diabetes insipidus?
Insufficient ADH
What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus?
Large volumes of dilute urine, enuresis (bedwetting), nocturia
What is the difference between central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Central diabetes insipidus involves lack of formation of ADH, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus refers to lack of ADH effect in the kidney.
What drugs used to treat diabetes insipidus
desmopressin / DDAVP
desmopressin / DDAVP can have what side effect?
Hyponatremia (water retention dilutes the sodium levels)
Which can cause hyponatremia? SIADH or desmopressin / DDAVP?
Both can cause excess water retention, so both can cause hyponatremia.
Pituitary disorders can be lumped into two categories what are they?
Excess hormone or insufficient hormone.
Your patient just gave birth and is hemorrhaging. You put the baby to breast and the uterine bleeding stops because the uterus is now firmed up. What hormone is involved in this?
Oxytocin
Why might a patient with pituitary tumor developed tunnel vision?
The pituitary is located in a bony cup ( sella turcica) and so can only expand upward. The optic chiasm is located above the pituitary, and compressing it can cause loss of the lateral visual fields.