Pinel Ch 15

Front 1

AMPHETAMINE

Back 1

A STIMULANT DRUG WHOSE EFFECTS ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE OF COCAINE

Front 2

BEFORE-AND-AFTER DESIGN

Back 2

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN USED TO DEMONSTRATE CONTINGENT DRUG TOLERANCE; EXPERIMENTAL GROUP RECEIVES THE DRUG BEFORE EACH OF A SERIES OF BEHAVIORAL TESTS AND THE CONTROL RECEIVES THE DRUG AFTER EACH TEST

Front 3

BEURGER'S DISEASE

Back 3

CONDITION IN WHICH BLOOD VESSELS, ESPECIALLY THOSE SUPPLYING LEGS, ARE CONSTRICTED WHENEVER NICOTINE ENTERS THE BLOODSTREAM, THE ULTIMATE RESULT BEING GANGRENE AND AMPUTATION

Front 4

CROSS TOLERANCE

Back 4

TOLERANCE TO THE EFFETS OF ONE DRUG THAT DEVELOPS AS THE RESULT OF EXPOSURE TO ANOTHER DRUG THAT ATS BY THE SAME MECHANISM

Front 5

CONTINGENT DRUG TOLERANCE

Back 5

DRUG TOLERANCE THAT DEVELOPS AS A REACTION TO THE EXPERIENCE OF THE EFFECTS OF DRUGS RATHER THAN TO DRUG EXPOSURE ALONE

Front 6

CONDITIONED DRUG TOLERANCE

Back 6

TOLERANCE EFFECTS THAT ARE MAXIMALLY EXPRESSED ONLY WHEN A DRUG IS ADMINISTERED IN THE SITUATION IN WHICH IT HAS PREVIOUSLY BEEN ADMINISTERED

Front 7

CONDITIONED COMPENSATORY RESPONSES

Back 7

PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OPPOSITE TO THE EFFECTS OF A DRUG THAT ARE THOUGHT O BE ELICITED BY STIMULI THAT ARE REGULARLY ASSOCIATED WIHT EXPERIENCING THE DRUGS EFFECTS

Front 8

CIRRHOSIS

Back 8

SCARRING, TYPICALLY OF THE LIVER

Front 9

COCAINE

Back 9

A POTENT CATECHOLAMINE AGONIST AND STIMULANT THAT IS HIGHLY ADDICTIVE

Front 10

CRACK

Back 10

A POTENT, CHEAP, SMOKABLE FORM OF COCAINE

Front 11

CONDITIONED PLACE-PREFERENCE PARADIGM

Back 11

A TEST THAT ASSESSES A LAB ANIMAL'S PREFERENCE FOR ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH IT HAS PREVIOUSLY EXPERIENCED DRUG EFFECTS

Front 12

DRUG METABOLISM

Back 12

THE CONVERSION OF A DRUG FORM ITS ACTIVE FORM TO A NONACTIVE FORM

Front 13

DELIRIUM TREMENS

Back 13

THE PHASE OF ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME CHARACTERIZED BY HALLUCINATIONS, DELUSIONS, AGITATION, CONFUSION, HYPERTHERMIA, AND TACHYCARDIA

Front 14

DISULFIRAM

Back 14

A DRUG THAT BLOCKS THE NORMAL METABOLISM OF ALCOHOL AND HAS BEEN USED IN THE TREATMENT OF ALCOHOLISM

Front 15

DOPAMINE TRANSPORTERS

Back 15

MOLECULES IN THE PRESYNAPTIC MEMBRANE OF DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS THAT ATTRACT DOPAMINE MOLECULES IN THE SYNAPTIC CLEFT AND DEPOSIT THEM BACK INSIDE THE NEURON

Front 16

CODEINE

Back 16

A RELATIVELY WEAK PSYCHOACTIVE INGREDIENT OF OPIUM

Front 17

DETOXIFIED ADDICTS

Back 17

ADDICTS WHO HAVE NONE OF THE DRUG TO WHICH THEY ARE ADDICTED IN THEIR BODY AND WHO ARE NO LONGER EXPERIENCING WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS

Front 18

DRUG SELF ADMINISTRATION PARADIGM

Back 18

A TEST OF THE ADDICTIVE POTENTIAL OF DRUGS IN WHICH LAB ANIMALS CAN INJECT DRUGS INTO THEMSELVES BY PRESSING A LEVER

Front 19

EXTEROCEPTIVE STIMULI

Back 19

STIMULI THAT ARISSE FROM OUTSIDE THE BODY

Front 20

FUNCTIONAL TOLERANCE

Back 20

TOLERANCE RESULTING FROM A REDUCTION IN THE REACTIVITY OF THE NS TO A DRUG

Front 21

HEDONIC VALUE

Back 21

THE AMOUNT OF PLEASURE PRODUCED BY AN ACTION

Front 22

HEROIN

Back 22

A POWERFUL SEMISYNTHETIC OPIATE

Front 23

HARRISON NARCOTICS ACT

Back 23

THE ACT THAT MADE IT ILLEGAL TO SELL OR UE OPIUM, MORPHINE, OR COCAINE IN US (1914)

Front 24

HASHISH

Back 24

DARK CORKLIKE MATERIAL EXTRACTED FROM THE RESIN ON THE LEAVES AND FLOWERS OF CANNABIS SATIVA

Front 25

INTEROCEPTIVE STIMULI

Back 25

STIMULI THAT ARISE FORM INSIDE THE BODY

Front 26

INCENTIVE-SENSIZITATION THEORY

Back 26

THEORY THAT ADDICTIONS DEVELOP WHEN DRUG USE SENSITIZES THE NEURAL CIRCUITS MEDIATING WANTIN OF THE DRUG - NOT NECESSARILY LIKING OF THE DRUG

Front 27

INTRACRANIAL SELF-STIMULATION

Back 27

THE REPEATED PERFORMANCE OF A RESPONSE THAT DELIVERS ELECTRICAL STIMULATION TO CERTAIN SITE IN THE ANIMALS BRAIN

Front 28

METABOLIC TOLERANCE

Back 28

TOLERANCE THAT RESULTS FROM A REDUCTION IN THE AMOUNT A DRUG GETTING TO ITS SITES OF ACTION

Front 29

NARCOTIC

Back 29

LEGAL CATEGORY OF DRUGS, MOSTLY OPIATES

Front 30

MORPHINE

Back 30

THE MAJOR PSYCHOACTIVE INGREDIENT IN OPIUM

Front 31

MESOTELENCEPHALIC DOPAMINE SYSTEM

Back 31

THE ASCENDING PROJECTIONS OF DOPAMINE-RELEASING NEURONS FROM THE SUBSTANTIA NIGRA AND VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA OF THE MESENCEPHALON INTO VARIOUS REGIONS OF THE TELENCEPHALON

Front 32

POSITIVE-INCENTIVE THEORIES OF ADDICTION

Back 32

THEORIES HOLDING THAT THE PRIMARY FACTOR IN MOST CASES OF ADDICTION IS A CRAVING FOR THE PLEASURE-PRODUCING PROPERTIES OF THE DRUG

Front 33

POSITIVE-INCENTIVE VALUE

Back 33

THE ANTICIPATED PLEASURE ASSOCIATED WITH A PARTICULAR ACTION

SUCH AS TAKING A DRUG

Front 34

DRUG PRIMING

Back 34

A SINGLE EXPOSURE TO A FORMERLY USED DRUG

Front 35

PRIMED

Back 35

INDUCED TO RESUME SELF-STIMULATION BY THE DELIVERY OF A FEW FREE STIMULATIONS

Front 36

SMOKER'S SYNDROME

Back 36

CHEST PAIN, LABORED BREATHING, WHEEZING, COUGHING, AND HEIGHTENED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTIONS OF THE RESPIRATOR TRACT COMMONLY OBSERVED IN TOBACCO SMOKERS

Front 37

OPIUM

Back 37

SAP THAT EXUDES FORMT HE SEED PODS OF THE OPIUM POPPY

Front 38

VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA

Back 38

MIDBRAIN NUCLEUS OF THE MESOTELENCEPHALIC DOPAMINE SYSTEM THAT IS MAJOR SOURCE OF THE MESOSCORTICOLIMBIC PATHWAY

Front 39

NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS

Back 39

NUCLEUS OF THE VENTRAL STRIATUM AND A MAJOR TERMINAL OF THE MESOCORTICOLIMBIC DOPAMINE PATHWAY