Piano

Front 1

1. What are neums?

Back 1

They were symbols used by conductors to have music flow

They were the beginnings of notes

Front 2

2. Who was Guido d'Arezzo?

What did he do?

Back 2

He started to system of doh,reh,me,fah,etc...

There were four lines with yellow being the first (doh) and the next red (fah)

The fourth line was used in church and the fifth line came when music went outside the church

Front 3

3. Describe whole, half, and quarter note.

Back 3

Whole note (semi breve): four counts

Half note: two counts

Quarter note: one count

Front 4

4. Describe the keys on the piano.

Back 4

White and black keys (grouped in two's and three's)

Down is to the left and up is to the right

Front 5

5. How many keys are there?

What is the lowest? the highest?

Back 5

88 keys

Lowest: A
Highest: C

Front 6

6. What is an octave?

Back 6

The distance from one key on the keyboard to the next key (lower or higher) with the same letter name

Front 7

7. What are dynamic signs?

What are the four dynamic signs?

Back 7

They tell how loud or soft to play a note

Forte: loud
Piano: soft
Mezzo Forte: moderately loud
Mezzo Piano: moderately soft

Front 8

8. What are the different types of repeating endings?

Back 8

1. means play first time only

2. play second time only

:|| repeat sign

Front 9

9. What is the dotted half note?

Back 9

Means to play for that notes value plus one half its value

3 counts (half + quarter note)

Front 10

10. What are rests?

What are three types of rests?

Back 10

They are signs for silence

Quarter rest ( ): 1 count
Half rest ( ): 2 counts
*seated on third line
Whole rest ( ): 4 counts
*hangs on fourth line

Front 11

11. What is time signature?

What does it mean?

Back 11

Numbers at the beginning of music

2 = how many notes are in measure
4 = kind of note in measure

Front 12

12. What are those bars in music?

Back 12

They are bar lines and indicate a measure (or bar) of music

Front 13

13. What numbers are given to the three types of notes?

Back 13

whole note : 1

half note : 1/2

quarter note: 1/4

Front 14

14. What is the dance signature or waltz time?

Back 14

3
4

Front 15

15. What is music written on?

Back 15

It's written on a staff of 5 lines and 4 spaces

Front 16

16. What is the treble (or G) clef?

Back 16

A sign that locates the G above middle C

Sign came from the letter G

Front 17

17. What is the bass (or F) clef?

Back 17

A sign that locates the F below middle C

Front 18

18. What is the Grand Staff?

Back 18

The bass staff and the treble staff joined together by a brace

Front 19

19. What is a ledger line?

Back 19

A line used between the two staffs for middle C

Leger lines are also used above and below the grand staff to extend its range

Front 20

20. Where does middle C appear?

Back 20

On a ledger line between the treble and bass clef

It can be played with either RH or LH

Front 21

31. What does crescendo (cresc.) mean?

What is the sign

Back 21

Gradually louder

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Front 22

32. What does diminuendo (dim.) mean?

What is another name? What is the sign?

Back 22

Gradually softer
(decrescendo or decresc.)

>

Front 23

33. What is C?

Back 23

Common Time 4
4

Front 24

34. What is ritardando (rit.)

Back 24

Means play gradually slowing

Front 25

35. What does fine mean?

What does D.C. (de capo) al Fine mean?

Back 25

Fine = end

D.C. al Fine = repeat from beginning and play to Fine

Front 26

36. What is staccato?

Back 26

A dot above or under a note

It means to play the note very short

Front 27

37. What is a step?

Back 27

A step is the distance from any line note to the very next space note above or below
OR
From any space note to the very next line note

Front 28

38. What is a skip?

Back 28

The distance from any space note to the very next space note above or below
OR
from any line note to the very next line note

Front 29

39. What is a tie?

Back 29

Two notes of the same pitch joined by a curved line and held for the combined values of both notes

Front 30

40. What is a slur?

Back 30

A curved line over or under notes of different pitches that joins them and means to play legato

Front 31

41. What does legato mean?

Back 31

It means to play smoothly and connectedly

It is used to phrase music

Front 32

42. What does melodically mean?

Back 32

It means to play one note after another

Front 33

43. What does harmonically mean?

Back 33

It means to play two notes together

Front 34

44. What is an interval?

Back 34

The distance in pitch between two notes or keys

two letters: 2nd interval
three letters: 3rd

Front 35

45. What are melodic intervals?

Back 35

Distance between notes or keys that are played seperately

Front 36

46. What are harmonic intervals?

Back 36

Distances between notes or keys that are played together

Front 37

47. What is unison?

Back 37

same note

Front 38

48. What is tempo?

What are tempo marks?

Back 38

Tempo means "rate of speed"

Tempo marks are words indicating the tempo used in playing music

Front 39

49. What are the four tempo marks?

Back 39

Allegro: quickly, happily

Moderato: moderately

Andante: moving along (walking)

Adagio: slowly

Front 40

50. What is transposition?

Back 40

Playing music in a different key from the original

Front 41

51. What does a sharp sign mean?

Back 41

Play the next key to the right whether black or white

Raises a note half a step in pitch
When a sharp appears before a note, it applies to that note for the rest of the measure

Front 42

52. What does a flat sign mean?

Back 42

Play the next key to the left, whether black or white

Lowers a note half a step in pitch

Front 43

53. What does a natural sign mean?

Back 43

It cancels a sharp or flat

A note after a natural sign is always a white key

Front 44

44. What are accidentals?

Back 44

Signs used to modify pitch

Front 45

45. What is a half step?

What is a whole step?

Back 45

Half step (semitone) is the key directly next
*E to F & C to B are only natural half steps

Whole step (tone) would be F to G