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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What factor determines male gonadal sex?
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Testicular differentiation factor(TDF) produced by the Y chromosome.
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What three factors determine male phenotypic sex?
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1. Meullerian inhibiting factor(MIF)inhibits Meullerian(female) duct from developing
2. Testosterone stimulates Wolffian (male) duct to differentiate to epididymis, seminal vesicles and vas deferens. |
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What is the third factor that determines male phenotypic sex?
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Dihydrotestosterone(DHT) stimulates urogenital sinus and tubercle to differentiate to penis, urethra, prostate and scrotum.
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Wht do the testes descend into the scrotum?
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To maintain temperature, 2C below core body temperature, which is vital for spermatogenesis.
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Name the main cell type of the testis and their associated products.s
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Sertoli cell-supportive environment for spermatogenesis, androgen binding protein, MIF, inhibin
Leydig cell- testosterone Germ cell- spermatozoa(sperm) |
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Name the anatomic componenets of the testis and their associated functions.
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1. Seminiferous tubules(85% of testis)
2. Rete testis- connects tubules and efferent ductules 3. Efferent ductules- transport sperm to epididymis by ciliary motion 4. Epididymis- reservoir and site of further morphologic and functional changes to sperm. 5. Vas deferens- propels sperm into urethra |
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Describe spermatogenesis.
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Spermatogonium(primitive germ cell)---1. spermatocyte (occurs in adolescence)--- meiotic division---2. spermatocyte---spermatid---spermatozoa(mature)
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How long does it take for spermatogonia to mature into spermatozoa?
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app 74 days.
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What is the blood testis barrier?
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Tight junctions that protect spermatogenesis by preventing proteins from moving from the interstitium to the lumen of the seminiferous tubules.
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What factors regulate spermatogenesis?
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1. GnRH
2. FSH 3. Inhibin 4. Testosterone(paracrine) |
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How is Testosterone synthesized?
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1. Cholesterol---(cholesterol desmolase)---2. Pregnenolone---(17 alpha-hydroxylase)---3. 17 hydroxy-pregnenolone---(17, 20,-lyase)---4.DHEA---( 3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase)---5. Androstenedione---(21 beta hydroxylase)---6. Testosterone.
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What factors regulate testosterone?
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GnRH
LH Testosterone(neg feedback) |
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Name the male accessory genitalia and their associated functions.
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1. Seminal vesicles-provides fructose to nourish sperm and secretes 60% of semen fluid content
Prostate- secretes 20% of semen fluid content Bulbourethral(Cowper) and urethral(Littres) glands; add fluid during sperm transit |
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What is the relationship between between testosterone and DHT?
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Testosterone---(5 alpha reductase)---DHT
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Where is 5 alpha reductase found?
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Prostate
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What factor stimulates puberty?
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GnRH in pulsatile release.
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