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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What size polypeptide is GIP?
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42 aminoacid polypeptide
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Name the cells that secrete GIP.
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K cells of duodenum and jejunum
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What are the functions of GIP? release
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Stimulates insulin
Inhibits H+ secretion |
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What are the major stimuli for GIPs release/
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Fat
Protein Carbohydrate |
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What system is primarily used by GIP to exert its actions?
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Endocrine
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Which other GI hormones are related to GIP?
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Secretin and glucagon
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What are the GI paracrines?
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Somatostatin and histamine
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Name the cells that secrete somatostatin.
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Multiple cells in the GI tract
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What is the stimulus for somatostatin release/
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Presence of H+ in the lumen
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What inhibits the secretion of somatostatin?
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Vagal stimulation
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What is the function of somatostatin?
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Inhibits release of all GI hormones
Inhibits gastric H+ secretion |
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Name the cells that secrete histamine.
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Mast cells within the gastric mucosa.
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What is the function of histamine in the GI tract?
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Increases gastric H+ secretion(both directly and by potentiation of the effects of gastrin and vagal stimulation).
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What are the GI neurocrines?
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VIP
Gastrin releasing peptide(GRP, bombesin Enkephalins |
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What size polypeptide is VIP?
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28 aa polypeptide
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What other GI hormone is VIP homologous to?
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Secretin
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Name the cells that normally secrete VIP?
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Neurons in the mucosa and smooth muscle of the GI tract.
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What tumor type can also secrete VIP?
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Pancreatic islet cell tumors
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What are the functions of VIP?
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Relaxes GI smooth muscle(including LES)
Stimulates pancreas to secrete HCO3- Inhibits gastric H+ secretion |
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Name the cells that secrete GRP(gastrin releasing peptide).
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Vagal nerves that innervate G cells.
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What is the function of GRP?
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Stimulates gastrin release
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What are the types of enkephalins?
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Met-enkephalin
Leu-enkephalin |
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Name the cells that secrete enkephalins?
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Neurons in the mucosa and smooth muscle of the GI tract.
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What arethe functions of enkephalins?
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1. Contract smooth muscle(especially LES), pyloric and ileocecal sphincters)
Inhibit secretion of fluid and electrolytes by the intestines. |
