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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the main characteristic of obstructive lung disease?
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Airflow limitation, not fully reversible and progressive and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response to noxious stimuli(particles or gases)
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What are the major characteristics of restrictive lung disease?
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Inflammation and fibrosis of lung parenchyma resulting in abnormalities in gas exchange at rest or during exercise.
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What happens to FEV1 and FVC in restrictive disease processes?
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Both FEV1 and FVC are reduced(FEV1/FVC is normal or increased).
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What happens to FEV1 and FVC in obstructive disease processes?
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FEV1 is reduced more than FVC(FEV1/FVC is decreased).
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What types of cells line the alveoli?
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Two types.
Type 1 pneumocytes(90%) primary lining cells Type 2 pneumocytes(10%), granular cells |
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What is respiratory dead space?
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Space in the conducting zone of the airways where no gas exchange occurs.
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What types of dead space exist?
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1. Anatomic dead space(conducting airways)
2. Alveolar dead space (alveoli with no blood flow) |
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How can you approximate the volume of anatomic dead space/
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Dead space in milliliter=body weight in pounds.
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What are the functions of anatomic dead space?
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Conditions air(is warmed and saturated with water vapor)
Removal of foriegn material. |
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What is alveolar ventilation?
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The amount of air reaching the alveoli per minute.
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How does dead space affect alveolar ventilation?
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Some inspired gas is trapped in the dead space making alveolar ventilation less than the respiratory minute volume.
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How does shallow versus deep breathing affect alveolar ventilation?
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Rapid shallow breathing produces much less alveolar ventilation.
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How can dead space V(D) be calculated?
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P(e)CO2 X V(t)= P(a)CO2(V(t)-V(d) + P(i)CO2 X V(d)
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