Physiomcq1 Basic Physiology

Front 1

BP01 [aqr] [Mar05] [Jul05]
Gap junctions:
A. Maintain cellular polarity
B. Occur at the apices of cells
C. Have corresponding connections between cells
D. Are formed by ridges on adjacent cells
E. Gives cells stability and strength

Back 1

BP01 [a] Gap junctions:
A. Maintain cellular polarity – No, tight junctions do – Renal: late Distal Tubules and Collecting ducts,
Intestinal Mucosa & Choroid Plexus
B. Occur at the apices of cells – tight junctions here also (Ganong p15)
C. Have corresponding connections between cells – made of numerous CONNEXONS which line up
(?correspond) between cells, direct intercellular communication of solutes with MW <10,000 (Ganong
p16)
D. ?

Front 2

BP02 [d]
Bulk flow:
A. Is related to concentration gradient
B. Is related to permeability coefficient
C. Depends on hydrostatic and oncotic pressure
D. ?

Back 2

BP02 [d] Bulk flow:
A. Is related to concentration gradient – No, this is diffusion
B. Is related to permeability coefficient – Not entirely (see below)
C. Depends on hydrostatic and oncotic pressure – Yes, in essence it is synonymous with filtration (bulk or
direct flow)
D. ?

Front 3

BP03 [gko]
All of the following histamine effects are mediated by H2- receptors EXCEPT:
A. Vasodilatation
B. Bronchoconstriction
C. Gastric acid secretion
D. Tachycardia
E. Increased contractility

Back 3

BP03 [gk] All of the following histamine effects are mediated by H2- receptors EXCEPT: (they increase
intracellular cAMP)
A. Vasodilatation
B. Bronchoconstriction – H1 Receptor
C. Gastric acid secretion
D. Tachycardia

Front 4

BP04 [i]
The trace element that is an integral component of carbonic anhydrase, lactic dehydrogenase, and several other peptidases:
A. Magnesium
B. Manganese
C. Zinc
D. Cobalt
E. Copper

Back 4

BP04 [i] The trace element that is an integral component of carbonic anhydrase, lactic dehydrogenase, and
several other peptidases:
A. Magnesium
B. Manganese
C. Zinc – Carbonic anhydrase has an atom of Zn in each molecule
D. Cobalt
E. Copper

Front 5

BP05 [Jul04] [Mar05] [Jul05]
An example of autoregulation is:
A. Renin angiotensin aldosterone
B. Tubuloglomerular feedback
C. Baroreceptors
D. ?
E. Increased tissue vascularity

Back 5

ANSWER B

Front 6

BP06 [Jul04] [JUl05]
Which is not essential for pain?

A. Conscious awareness

B. Actual tissue damage

C. something like May be modulated over time

Back 6

ANSWER B

Front 7

BP06b [Jul05] An alternative version:
Which is not true of pain pathways?
A. Withdrawal pathways are involved
B. Emotional pathways are involved
C. Tissue damage must occur
D. Requires conscious awareness
E. ?

Back 7

ANSWER C

Front 8

BP07 [Feb06]
Tight junctions between cells:
A. impermeable to water and solutes
B. involved in active transport
C. permeable to water and solutes
D. permeability is NOT under hormonal control
E. permeable to large compounds (or something else wrong)

Back 8

ANSWER A
Maybe D?

Front 9

BP08 [July-07] Giant Squid Axons are used to study action potentials because:

A. They are large

B. They only contain sodium channels

C. Blocked from the inside by tetrodotoxin

D. They are translucent

E. They taste good

Back 9

ANSWER A

Giant squid axons are very large up to 1mm diameter allowing scientists to insert voltage clamp electrodes into the nerve to study the ionic mechanisms of the action potential.

Front 10

Alt: In regards to voltage gated Na+ channels:
A. Giant squid axons used to study as they only contain Na+ channels
B. Blocked from the inside by tetrodotoxin

Back 10

Both options wrong

Front 11

BP09 Which is incorrect regarding the Kreb’s cycle:

A. Acetyl-coA is metabolized to CO2 & H+

B. Oxaloacetate is recycled

C. 12 ATP is generated

D. Cycle is continous during anaerobic metabolism but at slower rate

Back 11

ANSWER D

Front 12

BP10 Cytochrome c oxidase catalyses *new*
A. O2 + 2H+ -> H2O
B. ?
C. ?
D. H+ + HCO3- -> H2CO3
E. None of the above
(Think this may have actually been asking about cytochrome a3)

Back 12

ANSWER A

Front 13

BP11 In regards to the Na+/K+ ATPase *new*
A. Three K+ out for every two Na+ pumped in
B. Stimulated by Ouabain
C.3ATP broken down to ADP and P for every 3Na+ pumped in
D.is inhibited by high extracellular concentrations of Na+
E. an electrogenic pump

Back 13

ANSWER E

3 Na out
2 K in
ATP->ADP + Pi


Oubain reversibly inhibits NaKATPase, structurely similar to Digoxin (inhibition of Na K ATPase and secondary effect of increased intracellular Ca due to reduced Na Ca antiporter : results in membrane stabilization and inotropy)

Front 14

PH35a ANZCA version [Mar93] [Aug93] [Aug94] [Jul00] [2001-Aug] Q61, [2002-Aug] Q72
Normal features of changing physiology with age include
A. increased lean body mass
B. increased adrenal-cortical function
C. earlier onset of shivering
D. increased plasma albumin
E. decreased gastric pH

Back 14

ANSWER B

Front 15

PH35b ANZCA version [2003-Aug] Q142, [2004-Apr] Q84
Normal physiological changes with ageing

A. Increased lean body mass

B. Earlier onset of shivering

C. Increased resting levels of catecholamines

D. decreased gastric pH

E. increased plasma albumin

Back 15

ANSWER C

Front 16

PH41a [Apr97]
The elderly have:
A. Increased serum creatinine
B. Decreased hepatic & renal function of 1% per year from the age of 30 yrs.
C. Decreased FRC
D. Decreased resting cardiac output
E. Increased LV stiffness

Back 16

ANSWER E

Front 17

PH41b ANZCA version [2005-Apr] Q150, [2005-Sep] Q48

During adulthood, ageing results in
A. a decline in resting cardiac output
B. a decrease in functional residual capacity (FRC)
C. an increase in hypoxic ventilatory drive
D. an increase in serum creatinine
E. an increase in ventricular wall stiffness

Back 17

ANSWER E

Front 18

PH51 ANZCA version [2001-Apr] Q149

Changes in cardiovascular physiology associated with advanced age include
1. blunted beta-adrenoreceptor mediated modulation of inotropy, chronotropy
and vasomotor tone
2. decreased stroke volume
3. autonomic reflex dysfunction
4. reduced atrial contribution to left ventricular filling

Back 18

ANSWER 3