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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is ventilation?
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this is the movement of air in and out of lungs
vent rate is not constant |
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where does gas exchange occur between?
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the air in alveoli and capillaries. done by diffusion
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How is CO2 transported in the blood?
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primarily as bicarbonate
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How is O2 transported in the blood?
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bound to heme
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what is the respiratory quotient?
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RQ= CO2 produced/ O2 consumed
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What is the RQ of carbohydrates?
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RQ=1
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what is the RQ of fat?
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RQ= .7
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what is the RQ of protein?
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RQ= .8
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What is the typical RQ of an average diet?
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RQ=.8
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where is intrapleural fluid produced?
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this is produced by the microvasculature of the Parietal Pleura
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what is pleurisy?
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this is an inflammation of the pleura sac, accompanied by painful breathing
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what is excess fluid in the pleural space called?
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plural effusion
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which pleura feels the pain of pleurisy?
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the parietal pleura
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What does the fluid of a chylothorax lcontain?
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fatty lymph fluid
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what does the fluid of a hemothorax contain?
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blood from the pleural space
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what is dyspena?
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shortness of breath
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what is the normal volume of fluid in pleural space?
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less than 1ml
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where does intrapleural fluid come from?
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comes from the pleural intersitium
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What causes transudates? what does it look like? contains?
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This is caused by severe heart failure/edema.
the fluid is pale yellow and clear it contains protein and LDH |
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what causes exudates? what does it look like? what does it contain?
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this is caused by cancers and infections of the lung.
this is pale yellow and cloudy fluid -contains some protein |
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What zones define the conduction zone?
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the first 16 branching generations
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what zones define the respiratory zone?
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branches 17-23
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What 3 things does the conducting zone do to inspired air?
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moisten, filter, warm
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what are the functions of respiratory epithelium found in the conducting zone?
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these have cilia and mucus, these filter the air
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How does the SNS affect the airway?
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this will relax the airway, and decrease resistance
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how does PNS affect the airway?
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this will contract and constrict the airway, increasing resistance
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How does albuterol work?
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this activates B2 receptors, thus SNS innervation of the airways. dilating the airway
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What is the general statement of ficks law of diffusion?
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the rate of diffusion is proportional to the area, and inversely proportional to the thickness
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what is the equation for ficks law of diffusion?
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Vx = D X A X delta P/ delta X
OR- volume of gas transferred per unit time= diffusion coeff X surface area X pressure difference (partial pressure) of gas. Divided by thickness of membrane |
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practice writing the table on slide 21
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do it!
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what forms alveoli?
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pouch like evaginations of the walls of respiratory bronchioles
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what are pores of kohn?
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these are holes in the walls of adjacent alveoli, allowing for collateral ventilation
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what do type 1 alveolar cells do?
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these form the walls of alveoli
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what do type 2 alveolar cells do?
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these from the surfactant of the lungs
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which layer of mucus if affected by CFTR?
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the sol layer (the bottom layer)
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what produces the sol layer of fluid?
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columnar epithelial cilliated cells
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what produces the gel layer of fluid?
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this is produced by goblet cells
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what casues ciliary dyskinesia? what does it affect?
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this is caused by a recessive genetic disorder
this affects the doublets that hold microtubules together (DYENIN) |
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what engulfs particles that make it to the alveoli?
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macrophages
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how many branches of the airway are there?
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23!
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