Physiology Semester 1 Mini Ii

Front 1

It is usual for a skeletal muscle fiber to extend from ____ to _____.

Back 1

insertion, origin

Front 2

Each muscle fiber is innervated by only one ____ and has one ____.

Back 2

neuron, motor end plate

Front 3

A presynaptic action potential _____ induces a ___ in the skeletal muscle cell.

Back 3

always, AP

Front 4

Similar to nerve cells, the skeletal muscle cell resting potential is near the ___ equilibrium potential and its action potential approaches the ____ equilibrium potential.

Back 4

K+, Na+

Front 5

In skelental muscle the action potential is ____ in duration that that of a neuron.

Back 5

longer

Front 6

Skeletal muscle fibers do not have the _____ and _____ afterpotentials typical of neurons.

Back 6

hyperpolarizing, depolarizing ( no oscilltation at the end)

Front 7

The absolute value of the force that is exerted by a muscle on its origin and insertion that are ____ in value but _____ in direction is called the _____.

Back 7

equal, opposite, tension

Front 8

The force against which a muscle acts is called the ____.

Back 8

Load

Front 9

If the tension exceeds the load the muscle will ____, while if the tension is less than the load the muscle will ____.

Back 9

shorten, lengthen

Front 10

If the tension is equal to the load, the muscle will ____.

Back 10

not change

Front 11

When an AP passes along a skeletal muscle fiber, the muscle _____, meaning the ____ increase.

Back 11

contracts, tension

Front 12

When a joint is flexed the flexor muscle ____, while the extensor muscle _____.

Back 12

shortens, lengthens

Front 13

When a joint is extended the flexor muscle ____, while the extensor muscle _____.

Back 13

lenthens, shortens

Front 14

____ refers to the activation of the muscle mechanism that increases force or tension exerted by the muscle.

Back 14

contraction

Front 15

A relaxed muscle can still exert a ____, however its ____ is less than in a contracted muscle.

Back 15

force, tension

Front 16

Tension will ____ with increasing length of a muscle.

Back 16

rise

Front 17

The tension developed by a relaxed muscle.

Back 17

passive tension

Front 18

The greatest length a muscle can have in the body

Back 18

rest length

Front 19

____ contraction is contracting a muscle without letting its length change.

Back 19

isometric

Front 20

____ tension is due to the CT and components of the muscle itself, while ____ tension increases because of the contractile machinery.

Back 20

passive, active

Front 21

Total tension is equal to ____ tension plus ____ tension which can not be measure itself.

Back 21

passive, active

Front 22

Total tension reaches a maximum at ____ length.

Back 22

rest

Front 23

Up to rest length total tension is mainly due to ____ tension.

Back 23

active

Front 24

After rest length total tension first ____ because ____ tension _____ and then ______ because ____ tension ______.

Back 24

decrease,active, decreases,increase, passive, increases

Front 25

A gastrocnemius developes more tension than a maseter because it has a _____.

Back 25

larger cross sectional area

Front 26

In the body, isometric tension _____ with increasing length.

Back 26

increases

Front 27

In the body, increasing tension with length is necesary for _____, so that the ____ can adapt to adjustments.

Back 27

stability, CNS

Front 28

Load is the external force that acts against ____ of the muscle.

Back 28

shortening

Front 29

____ contraction is allowing the muscle to shorten at a constant load.

Back 29

isotonic

Front 30

When the load equals tension the muscle will _____ and the velocity will equal ____.

Back 30

not shorten, zero

Front 31

When the load exceeds tension the muscle will _____.

Back 31

lengthen

Front 32

With a load, the velocity of shortening depends on ____, and increases with increasing ____.

Back 32

tension, length

Front 33

The tension in the resting muscle is the ____, while the force of a load is called the ____.

Back 33

preload, afterload

Front 34

In general ____ rest lengths produce greater _____ velocities.

Back 34

greater, shortening

Front 35

When the tension is greater than the afterload the muscle _____.

Back 35

shortens

Front 36

If the afterload exceeds the tension the muscle _____, even though it is _____.

Back 36

lengthens, contracting

Front 37

When tension is equal to load the contraction is ____.

Back 37

isometric

Front 38

Power is defined as the ____.

Back 38

the rate at which a muscle does work on a load

Front 39

When the load(F) is zero, the work is ____ and the power production is ___.

Back 39

0,0

Front 40

When the contraction is isometric, the ___ is equal to the ____, so the distance is ____, and the power production is ____.

Back 40

load, tension, 0, 0

Front 41

Maximum power production must occur between a load of ____ and a _____ equal to tension.

Back 41

0, load

Front 42

Maximum power production occurs when the load is about _____% of the load needed to produce an ____ contraction.

Back 42

30, isometric

Front 43

When the muscle is stretched so that there is no overlap between think and think filaments, no ____ is developed.

Back 43

active tension

Front 44

____ tension develops as thick and thin filaments are allowed to ____.

Back 44

active, overlap

Front 45

Tension is ____ to thick and thin filament overlap, until they reach _____.

Back 45

directly proportional, the middle of the thick filament, where there are no cross bridges