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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The glomeruli exist in the __________ of the kidney
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cortex
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The henle's loop of the ____________ nephron extends into the inner medulla. The henle's loop of the ___________ nephron extends only to the outer medulla
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juxta-glomerular; superficial
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The majority of innervation to the juxtaglomerular apparatus is from the _________
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sympathetics
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fill in the blanks
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The _________ tubule reabsorbs water, Na+, Cl and other essential organic copounds from the glomerular filtrate
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proximal
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The loop of henle reabsorbs more _______ than _______
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Na/Cl; water
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Distal and connecting tubules reabsorb a __________ amount of water and salt
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small
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Why are the distal/connecting tubules so important in reabsorbption of salt/water?
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they are very responsive to ADH and aldosterone
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aldosterone increasing the reabsoption of _________
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Na+ and Cl
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ADH increases the reabsorption of ________
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water
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ANP increases _______ _________
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Na+ excretion
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Kf = __________ x _________
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hydraulic permeability; surface area
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GFR = ________ x __________
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Kf; NFP (net filtration pressure)
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What force, physiologically, forces fluid out of the glomerular capillaries?
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Pgc
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What two forces oppose ultrafiltration?
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oncotic pressure of glomerular capillaries; hydrostatic pressure of bowman's capsule
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afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction __________ Pgc
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decreases
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efferent vasoconstriction _________ Pgc
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increases
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decreased RBF ________ GFR
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decreases
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Filtration Fraction = ___________ / ____________
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GFR/RPF (renal plasma flow)
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This graph shows _________ arteriolar vasoconstriction
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afferent
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This graph shows _________ arteriolar vasoconstriction
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efferent
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a nephrectomy would show ____________ GFR because the ___________ resistance of the __________ arteriole
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increased; decreased; afferent
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AngII antagonists ___________ GFR because of the __________ resistance of the ____________ arteriole
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decrease; decreased; efferent
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_______ __________ maintains GFR with decreased RBF
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SNS stimulation (AngII as well)
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paracrines from the macula densa cause the ___________ arteriole to vasoconstrict/vasodialate
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afferent
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when the macula densa senses a decrease in NaCl, it causes the _____________ of the ___________ arteriole
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vasodilation; afferent
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RAAS and SNS vaso______. What is their net effect?
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constrict (afferent and efferent); decreased RPF with little or no change in the GFR
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ADH vaso________. What is it's net effect?
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contricts; normally GFR and RPF remain constant
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Does ANP vasoconstrict or vasodilate? What is it's net effect?
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vasocontricts the efferent and vasodilates the afferent; Increases GFR and RPF (also inhibits renin secretion)
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Dopamine causes vaso______
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dilation
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