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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 3 layers of a blood vessel from innter to out
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TUNICA:
intima - media - adventitia |
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what is vasa vasorum?
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small vessels that suply larrge vessels
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Which layer (intima, media, andventitia ) is the thickest?
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media
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Which layer (intima, media, andventitia ) contains FIBROBLASTS?
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adventitia
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Which layer (intima, media, andventitia ) contains Angiotensin converting enzyme?
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intima
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what are the 3 types of arteries?
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elastic - like aorta, pul trunk, iliac
muscular - non-major aoritc branches arteriols (<.1mm diameter) |
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What 3 specialized structures can arteries have?
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carotid sinus - baroreceptor
carotid body - chemoreceptor (o2/co2) aortic body - like cartid body |
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How is ARTERIAL BP regulated?
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vasootor of brain - angiotensin makes Ang 2 which is a constrictor
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How does the body compensate if there is a large hemorraghe? (what is secreted)
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vasopresin by pituitary gland
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3 types of capillaries: Continuous, fenesterd, sinusoid
which is in muscle/nerve CT? |
CONTINUOUS
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3 types of capillaries: Continuous, fenesterd, sinusoid
which in pancras/intestine/endocrine? |
fenestered
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3 types of capillaries: Continuous, fenesterd, sinusoid
which is in bone marrow/liver/spleen |
sinusoid
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what is AVA
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atreovenous anastamosis - closing to let blood thru capillary beds - for thermoregulation
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3 types of veins
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venules, medium and large (vC/ pulmonary)
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Thicker arteries/hypertension/diabetes is a what type of sclerosis
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arterioslcerosis
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coronary artery/carotid/brain ateries having plaques from lipids is what kind of sclerosis
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atherosclerosis
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What is C-reactive protein? where is it produced?
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liver, causes inflammation, higher risk of cardiovascular disease
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what is van weillebrand disease?
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decreased plate adhesion therefore excessive bleeding
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3 major functions of blood?
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transport, defense, regulation
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components of blood (3)
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formed elements (wbc, rbc, platelets)
fluid - plasma |
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what is serum?
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protein - deficient plasma
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what is hematocrit?
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fraction of whole blood that is the RBC (45% usually)
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what is the shape of RBC
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biconcave disk
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what is the diamter of RBC
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7.8 um
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what is the conc of RBC in male, female
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male - 5.2, fmale 4.7
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what are the 3 functions of hemoglobin?
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o2 tranport
co2 transport acid-base buffer |
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5 cell types of RBC lineage
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1 - pluripotent hematopoietic stem - BM
2 - proerythroblasts - BM 3 - erythroblasts - BM 4 - reticulocyutes - BM/BLOOD 5 - mature RBC - blood |
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hormone thar regulates erythrocte productoin?
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Erythropoetin
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Maturation failure anemia caused by?
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folic aci fefciency, b12, atrophic gastric mucosa, or pernicious anemia
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lifespan of RBC
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120days
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Iron absorbed in
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SI
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iron stored in
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hemoglobin (RBC)
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iron excreted in
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feces
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4 broad categories of anemia
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aplastic, Blood loss, hemolytic, megaloblastic
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4 broad categories of anemia aplastic, Blood loss, hemolytic, megaloblastic
which is due to chemo/radiation? |
aplastic
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4 broad categories of anemia aplastic, Blood loss, hemolytic, megaloblastic
which is due to chronic or acute injury? |
blood loss
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4 broad categories of anemia aplastic, Blood loss, hemolytic, megaloblastic
which is due to sickle cell/ or erythroblastosis? |
hemolytic
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4 broad categories of anemia aplastic, Blood loss, hemolytic, megaloblastic
which is due to deficiencys of b12/folic/pernicious? |
megaloblastic
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2 broad categories of polycthemia?
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vera and compensatory
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what is polycthemia?
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above normal RBC count
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2 broad categories of polycthemia vera and compensatory
which is genetic? |
vera
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2 broad categories of polycthemia vera and compensatory which is due to high altitudes/cardiac resp failure?
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compensatory (secondary)
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3 lines of defense vs. pathogens?
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epith, innate and adaptive
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what are primary lymph organs?
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thymus/bone marrow
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what are secondary lymph organs?
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lymph noes, spleen, MALT (GALT< BALT) tonsils
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which Immunoglobulin is this?
1st responder of adaptive immune system |
IgM and D
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which Immunoglobulin is this?
secreted in tears/saliva/lumen of gut |
IgA
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which Immunoglobulin is this?
surface Ig |
IgD
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which Immunoglobulin is this?
degranulation of basophils/mast cells for HISTAMINE and chemotactic receptors |
IgE
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which Immunoglobulin is this? involved in hypersensitivy reacionts
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IgE
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which Immunoglobulin is this?
crosses placenta, participates in ADCC, fixes COMPLEMENT |
IgG
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which Immunoglobulin is this?
pentamer, activates compliment, FORMED in primary immune response |
IgM
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