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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diabetes Incipidus: Nephrogenic
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excessively dilute uring
decreased V2 response, defect in signaling increased plasma volume |
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Conn syndrome
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primary hyperaldosteronism
adrenal glomerulosa cell tumor increased aldosterone increased Na reabsorption increased ECFV increased ABP decreased renin release |
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Frey's syndrome
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sweating around ear when eating rather than salivates
injury to auriculotemporal nerve (parasympathetic secretomotor fibers to patotid gland and sympathetic fibers to sweat gland) never severed and crossed paths in regeneration treatment: cutting tympanic plexus in ear |
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secondary hypocortisolism
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insufficient ACTH release
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epidural hematoma
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damage to middle meningeal artery
"talking death syndrome" will cause a midline shift compressing structures will not cross midline because cannot go through dural fold |
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Adrenal Tumor
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primary hypersecretion; excessive cortisol, low ATCH
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Horner's syndrome
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sympathetic damage as a result of surgery or tumor
ptosis, anhidrosis, miosis |
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Diabetes Insipidus: Neurogenic
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excessively dilute urine
dysfunction of CNS, trauma, infection/inflammation, cancer decreased plasma volume |
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osteoporosis
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net decrease in bone density
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Cushing's disease
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secondary hypersecretion of ACTH, increased cortisol
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Dwarfism
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inadequate IGF-1
hyposecretion |
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eclampsia
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>160/>110
seizures EMERGENT SITUATION immediate C-section delivery |
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Acromegaly
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hypersecretion of GH
over secretion after puberty increased membranous bone growth (face and skull) excess soft tissue growth (hypertrophy of heart) |
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secondary hyperaldosteronism
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decreased renal profusion pressure
increased renin release increased aldosterone increased na reabsorption increased ECFV increased ABP |
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LeFort 2 fracture
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from top of nasal bone through infraorbital foramen to corners of mouth
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African Pygmy
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decreased IGF-1 production
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hypocalcemia
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cateract formation
chvostek's signs mood change muscle spasms trousseau's signs |
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subarachnoid hemorrhage
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aneurism of the ACOM area
patient will complain of severe headache |
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secondary hypothyroidism
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pituitary dysfunction and inadequate TSH
decreased metabolic rate |
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Sheehan's Syndrome
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pituitary dysfunction; post-partum pituitary ischemia
caused by proliferation of lactotrophs in pregnancy |
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osteogenesis imperfects
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genetic collagen defect
poor bone structure weak bones frequent fractures |
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osteopetrosis
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abnormal matrix deposition
thickening bones decreased osteoclast activity |
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primary hypothyroidism
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defect in ability of thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4
decreased metabolic rate |
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Gigantism
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hypersecretion of GH
over secretion before puberty extended bone growth (long bones) delay of puberty diabetes mellitus, arthritis, organ hypertrophy, affected mental function |
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Panhypopituitarism
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pituitary dysfunction; loss of pituitary hormones
caused by tumor, trauma, ischmeia |
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Zone II neck Trauma
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cricoid cartilage to mid mandible
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LeFort 1 fracture
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across maxilla from bottom of nasal opening to corners of mouth
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Cushing's syndrome
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includes cushing's disease, adrenal tumor and ectopic tumor
causes: buffalo hump, increased BP, osteoperosis, edema, s/s of diabetes, menstrual disturbances, kidney stones/calculi, peptic ulcers, muscle wasting/weakness, moon face, abnormal facial hair (female) |
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Addison Disease
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primary hypoaldosteronism, adrenal glomerulosa cell dysfunction
decreased aldosterone decreased na reabsorption and ECFV decreased ABP increased renin release |
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pheochromocytoma
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hypersecretion of catecholamines
usually caused by tumor of adrenal chromaffin cells s/s: hypertension, severe headache, excessive sweating, palpitations/tachycardia, nausea, tremor, weakness/exhaustion/fatigue, anxiety/nervousness, ab pain, blurred vision |
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Addison's disease
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primary hypocortisolism - insufficient cortisol release
orthostatic hypotension, increased skin pigmentation, weight loss, hypo - naturemia, kalemia, glycemia, lethargy, dizziness, depression |
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Ectopic tumor that produces ATCH
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increased cortisol (plasma), decreased anterior pituitary ACTH
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osteomalacia
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vitamin D deficiency
bone pain losser's zones, thick bones fractures hypocalcemic features |
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post puberty GH/IGF-1 secretion
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hypoglycemia, decreased lean body mass, increased adiposity, muscle weakness
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hypercalcemia
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"bones, stones, groans and psychic moans"
corneal calcifications dehydration/thirst calcifications in organs confusion headache convulsions muscle weakness |
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Laron Dwarfism
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GH mediated defect
poor receptor response or receptor defect |
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rickets
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vitamin D deficiency
knock knees/bow legs kyphosis, chest/back deformaties, protruding forehead hypocalcemic features |
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tertiary hypothyroidism
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hypothalamic dysfunction and inadequate TRH
decreased metabolic rate |
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Stye
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infection of sebaceous glands within hair follicle of eyelid
superficial to tarsal plate |
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chalazion
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infection of mobian gland beneath tarsal plate
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bell's palsy
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facial nerve lesion
unilateral paralysis of the facial expression muscles |
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preeclampsia
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5% of first pregnancies, >140/>90
hyponaturemia increased serum creatinine elevated ASL/ALT headache/visual disturbance mother: decreased GFR, acute renal failure, intravascular coagulation, cerebral hemorrhage, adema |
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Zone III neck Trauma
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mid mandible up
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Zone I neck Trauma
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below the cricoid cartilage
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SIADH
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syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
small urine volume, hyponaturemia caused by brain tumor or malignancy |
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secondary hypoaldosteronism
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renal insufficiency
decreased renin release decreased aldosterone decreased na reabsorption and ECFV decreased ABP |
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Hasimoto's thyroiditisis
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autoimmune
lymphocytes infiltrate thyroid tissue; inhibition of Na/I symporter Early stage: Variable T3/T4 levels Chronic: Hyopthyroidisn |
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LeFort 3 fracture
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top of nasal bone through orbital fissures
"floating face fracture" |
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gestational diabetes mellitus
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1-14% of pregnancies, hyperglycemia >126, excessive wt gain, polyuria, polydipsia, pruitus/vulvovaginitis
presents as type 2 insulin resistant fetus: increased wt gain, postnatal hypoglycemia, polyhydramnois/retardation mother: increases risk of post natal type 2 development |
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Grave's disease
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hyperthyroidism; autoimmune
antibody stimulates TSH receptors on follicular cells excessive production of thyrogobin, T3 and T4 causes: thyrotoxicosis, goiter treatment: surgical removal, radioactive iodine |
