Physiology Chapter 9 And 10

Front 1

brain region plays vital role in processing of basic survival needs

Back 1

brainstem

Front 2

often called the brain's alarm clock maintaining alertness

Back 2

reticular activating system

Front 3

location of decussation of most fibers. continuous with the spinal cord

Back 3

medulla oblongata

Front 4

emotional brain

Back 4

limbic system

Front 5

coordinates voluntary muscle movements in limbs posture important in motor learning skills

Back 5

cerebellum

Front 6

responsible for higher mental functions

Back 6

cerebrum

Front 7

receives input from nearly all sensory systems and directs to appropriate cortical areas

Back 7

thalamus

Front 8

called the master control center for many basic motives, regulates homeostasis

Back 8

hypothalamus

Front 9

planning voluntary movements as well as thoughts and personality

Back 9

pre frontal association area

Front 10

involved in somesthetic sensations and proprioception

Back 10

primary somatosensory cortex

Front 11

involved in language comprehension

Back 11

wernicke's area

Front 12

CSF

Back 12

cerebral spinal fluid and bathes the CNS. found in the subarachnoid space and synthesized in the choroid plexus. absorbed back in the blood stream by the arachnoid villi.

Front 13

function of blood brain barrier

Back 13

prevents the brain from harmful substances and only allows certain substances to enter.

Front 14

dorsal horn of spinal cord-
ventral horn of spinal cord

Back 14

afferent fibers from sensory receptors
efferent fibers from vental horn to motor receptors

Front 15

spinal nerves also called mixed nerves. why?

Back 15

because they contain both afferent and efferent axons

Front 16

difference btw ascending and descending tracts

Back 16

ascending information from spinal cord to brain.
descending information from brain to spinal cord

Front 17

diencephalon

Back 17

thalamus- relay center. sensory info passes to cerebrum
hypothalamus- regulates homeostasis

Front 18

three sturctures that make up the brain stem

Back 18

mid brain
medulla oblangata- continuous with the brain stem
pons

Front 19

four lobes of brain and function

Back 19

temporal lobe- auditory
occipital lobe- vision
parietal lobe- sensation
frontal lobe- reasoning

Front 20

phasic receptors
tonic receptors

Back 20

- quickly adapt and function best in detecting changes in stimulus intensity
-adapt slowly and generate nerve impulses more steadily

Front 21

sensory unit-
how many types?

Back 21

all receptors associated with a single afferent neuron are of the same type
there are 3 types afferent neurons with receptor endings, receptor cells in peripheral and receptive field.

Front 22

difference btw frequency coding and population coding

Back 22

population- a stronger stimulus intensity recruits a greater number of receptors. stumulus intensity coded by number of receptors activated
frequency- a stronger stumulus results in a larger receptor potential. stimulus intensity is coded by frequency of action potentials.
they both code a stumulus intensity.

Front 23

two point disctimination

Back 23

the ability to distinguish two distinct point on the skins. its better in the palm because of the smaller receptive fields, the greater the ability to perceive two points and greater tactile ability

Front 24

fast pain-
slow pain-

Back 24

perceived as sharp and easily localized at time of injury.
perceived as blunt and poorly localized dull. long lasting.

Front 25

pain that is experienced in the left shoulder by a person having a heart attack

Back 25

referred pain. occurs when viseral and somesthetic afferents converge on the same second order neurons in the spinal cord