Physiology Chapter 2A

Front 1

Neurotransmitter molecules are most commonly secreted from the

Select one

a. axon terminal.

b. dendritic apposition.

c. dendrite.

d. glial cell.

e. soma.

Back 1

Axon Terminal

Front 2

_______ neurons gather information from the environment related to light, odors, and contact of our skin with objects.Select one:

a. Motor

b. Relay inter-

c. Local inter-

d. Sensory

e. Inter-

Back 2

Sensory

Front 3

The nucleus of the nerve cell is located within the...

a. axon terminals.

b. soma.

c. axon.

d. mitochondria.

e. dendrites.

Back 3

Soma

Front 4

Which of the following is true of Schwann cells?Select one:

a. Schwann cells are found within the brain.

b. Schwann cells remove the cellular debris left by dead neurons in brain.

c. A single Schwann cell wraps multiple segments around a peripheral nerve cell.

d. Schwann cells provide myelin for peripheral nerve cells.

e. A single Schwann cells can myelinate up to 50 segments of axon membrane.

Back 4

Schwann cells provide myelin for peripheral nerve cells.

Front 5

The physical gap that carries a neural message between two nerve cells is the

a. synapse.

b. dendritic apposition.

c. neural gap.

d. axon contact

e. glial junction.

Back 5

synapse.

Front 6

Surplus substances within the cytoplasm are degraded bySelect one:

a. mitochondria.

b. the cytoskeleton.

c. ribosomes.

d. lysosomes.

e. cytoskeletal proteins.

Back 6

lysosomes.

Front 7

The membrane of a nerve cell is comprised of

a. a single layer of lipid molecules interfaced with a layer of protein molecules.

b. protein molecules.

c. vesicle remnants.

d. cytoplasm.

e. a double layer of lipid molecules.

Back 7

A double layer of lipid molecules

Front 8

Synapses are most commonly formed between a(n) _______ and a(n) _______.Select one

:a. dendrite; axon terminal
b. glial; dendrite

c. axon terminal; dendrite

d. dendrite; somae. soma; glial

Back 8

axon terminal; dendrite

Front 9

Loss of dendritic branches on _______ would be expected to impair the ability to sense temperature and touch.Select one

a. multipolar neurons

b. unipolar neurons

c. apolar neurons

d. motor neurons

e. bipolar neurons

Back 9

Unipolar Neurons

Front 10

The _______ mediates the inflammatory reaction that follows brain damage.Select one:

a. astrocyte

b. Schwann cell

c. phagocyte

d. microglia

e. dendrocyte

Back 10

Microglia

Front 11

Which of the following is a key a function of the glial cells?

a. Protection of the outer surface of the brain.

b. The conduction of action potentials.

c. Movement of vesicles along the axon.

d. Removal of physical debris from the brain.

e. Secretion of CSF in the brain.

Back 11

Removal of physical debris from brain

Front 12

A key function of specialized lipid molecules located in the nerve cell is toSelect one:

a. transport molecules into the cell.

b. form channels to carry ions in and out of the cell.

c. transport vesicles within the neuron.

d. form the membrane.

e. detect the presence of hormones outside the cell.

Back 12

form the membrane

Front 13

The _______ system is defined as comprised of the brain and spinal cord.Select one:

a. peripheral nervous

b. human nervous

c. local circuit

d. enteric nervous

e. central nervous

Back 13

central nervous

Front 14

Match the correct function with the neuronal organelle:Select one:

a. mitochondria; production of fat-like molecules

b. Golgi apparatus; extraction of energy for cell use

c. microtubules; transport of molecules between the soma and the axon terminals

d. endoplasmic reticulum; breakdown of proteins
e. mitochondria; formation of vesicles

Back 14

microtubules; transport of molecules between the soma and the axon terminals

Front 15

A key function of the _______ nerve cell is to transmit sensory information.Select one:

a. multipolar

b. bipolar

c. apolar

d. heteropolar

e. glial fiber

Back 15

Bipolar

Front 16

The most common neuron type in the central nervous system is the _______ neuron.

a. apolar

b. motor

c. bipolar

d. sensory

e. multipolar

Back 16

multipolar

Front 17

The portion of a neuron that carries information toward the cell body is the

a. presynaptic membrane.

b. axon terminal.

c. glial membrane.

d. dendrite.

e. soma.

Back 17

Dendrite

Front 18

Neurons of the central nervous system are provided nutrients, oxygen, and physical support by _______ cells.

a. Golgi

b. microtubule

c. stem

d. Schwann

e. glial or neuroglial

Back 18

glial or neurological

Front 19

The _______ are the key supply source of energy for neurons.Select one:

a. dendrocytes

b. astrocytes

c. Schwann cells

d. microtubules

e. phagocytes

Back 19

astrocytes

Front 20

Which of the following is correct regarding axoplasmic transport?

a. The dynein molecule is involved in anterograde axoplasmic transport.

b. Transport of materials occurs only in one direction.

c. The kinesin molecule is involved in retrograde axoplasmic transport.

d. Retrograde axoplasmic transport involves moving substances from the soma to the axon terminals.

e. Retrograde transport is half as fast as anterograde axoplasmic transport.

Back 20

Retrograde transport is half as fast as anterograde axoplasmic transport.

Front 21

_______ neurons function to contract muscles.

a. Inter-

b. Motor

c. Relay

d. Local

e. Sensory

Back 21

Motor

Front 22

Which of the following is true of the blood-brain barrier?

a. The barrier is uniform, protecting all brain structures.

b. The ventricles have a blood-brain barrier.

c. The barrier pumps glucose out of the brain into the bloodstream.

d. The barrier is formed by cells that line the capillaries of the brain.

e. The barrier functions to regulate the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid surrounding the brain cells.

Back 22

The barrier functions to regulate the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid surrounding the brain cells

Front 23

Which of the following structures is the site of production of proteins?

a. vesicles

b. genes

c. myeline.

d. the nucleolus

e. ribosomes

Back 23

ribosomes

Front 24

The _______ system is that portion of the nervous system that lies outside of the brain and spinal cord.

a. peripheral nervous

b. enteric nervous

c. extraspinal

d. central nervous

e. human nervous

Back 24

peripheral nervous

Front 25

Myelination of brain nerve axon membranes is accomplished by...

a. Schwann cells.

b. neurocytes.

c. microglia.

d. astrocytes.

e. oligodendrocytes.

Back 25

oligodendrocytes