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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Autonomic Nervous System
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Manages our physiology by regulating organs and organ systems and their smooth muscles and glands
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Smooth Muscle
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Maintains resting tone in absence of nerve stimulation; many types of smooth are spontaneously active and contract without ANA input; ANS input increases or decreases intrinsic activity
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Denervation Hypersensitivity
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Smooth muscle becomes more sensitive when ANS input is cut
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Preganglionic Neuron
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ANS; has cell body in brain or spinal cord, synapses with post ganglionic in autonomic ganglion
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Postganglionic Neuron
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ANS, Extends from autonomic ganglion to target tissue
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2 Divisions of ANS
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Sympathetic, Parasympathetic
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Sympathetic Division
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Fight, Flight, and Stress; also called Thoracolumbar; T1 to L2; Mass Activation, Synapse in paravertebral ganglia
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Parasympathetic
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Rest and Digest; also called craniosacral; long preganglionics originate in midbrain, medull, pons and S2 to S4
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Divergence
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PREganglionics branch to synapse with a number of postganglionic neurons
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Convergence
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POSTganglionics receive synaptic input from a large number of preganglionics
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Vagus Nerve
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Carries most Parasympathetic fibers; enervates heart, lungs, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, small intestine, upper half of large intestine
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ANS Neurotransmitters
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Both Symp and Parasymp PREganglionics release ACh; Parasymp POSTganglionics also release ACh;
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Check out ANA Overview
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pg245, know general functions; from which to where
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Check out Differences Between Para and Symp
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pg248
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Cholinergic Synapses
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Parasymp postganglionics that release ACh
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Adrenergic Synapese
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Symp postganglionics that release norepi (noradrenaline)
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Adrenergic Stimulation
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Can be both excitatory and inhibitory
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Agonist Drugs
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promote actions of neurotransmitters
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Anatgonist Drugs
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Inhibit actions of neurotransmitters
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Dual Innervation
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(supplied by both Symp and Parasymp) usually these systems are antagonistic, but they can be complementary and cooperative
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Which Higher Brain Center Most Directly Affects Activity of ANS
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Medulla Oblongata (cardiovascular, urinary, reproductive, digestive)
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Which Higher Brain Center Most Directly Affects Activity of Hunger, Thirst (also regulates medulla)
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Hypothalamus
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Which Higher Brain Center Most Directly Affects Visceral Reponses (emotional states)
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Limbic System
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