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37 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
An autonomic pathway consists of:
preganglionnic neuron, autonomic ganglion and postganglionic neuron
neurotransmitter for pre-ganglionic neurons
acetylcholine (ACh)
Neurotransmitter for post-ganglionic neurons in the SYMPATHETIC nervous system
norepinephrine (NOR)
Neurotramsitter for post-ganglionic neurons in the PARASYMPATHETIC nervous system
acetylcholine (ACh)
neurotransmitter of the adrenal medulla pre-ganglionic
ACh
NT for adrenal medulla axon
epinephrine EPI
sympathetic pathways use what types of NTs?
ACh and NOR
parasympathetic pathways use what types of NT's?
ACh
what type of receptor is on the target tissue of the SYMPATHETIC NS?
adrenergic receptor
what type of receptor is on the target tissue of the PARASYMPATHETIC NS?
muscarinic receptor
what type of receptor is on the post-ganglionic neuron of BOTH SNS and PNS
nicotinic receptor
what are the effectors of the ANS?
smooth and cardiac muscle, some endocrine and exocrine glands, some adipose tissue
how do autonomic neurons release NT's to target cells?
Variscosities. And they are released over the surface.
#2. Depolarization of varicosities cause:
the opening of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels
#3. when voltage-gated Ca2+ channels open in varicosities, it triggers:
axocytosis of synaptic vesicles
#4. After axocytosis of synaptic vesicles;
the NE binds to adrenergic receptor on target
Activity at the varicosity ceases when :
NE diffuses away from the synapse
at the variscosity NE can be taken where?
back into synaptic vesicles for re-release
in variscosity, NE can be?
metabliized by monamine oxidase (MAO)
Receptors in the ANS are called:
Cholinergic
Type of receptors located at target tissues in the sympathetic nervous system
adrenergic receptors
Alpha 1 and Alpha 2 receptors prefer ____ over ____
NE; E
Alpha1 receptors are found in
most sympathetic target tissue.
Alpha 2 receptors are found in
gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. It surpresses secretion
Beta 1 receptors are found in
heart muscle and kidney. This binds equally to NE and E
Beta 2 receptors are found in
cartain blood vessels and smooth muscle of some organs. PREFER E OVER NE. Doesn't have to do with contraction. It releases things. Enhancing oxygen by opening up air passages. dilates blood vessels to serve skeletal muscles
Beta 3 receptors are found in
Adipose tissue. Used to store energy
these receptors are used for all parasympathetic target tissue
muscarinic
All effectors of the ANS have ____ intervention
duel
75% of parasympathetic response comes from the _____ _____.
Vagus nerve.
Agonist muscles:
mimic; do the same thing
Antagonist muscles:
block/prevent. Block parasympathetic
a direct action in a muscle means to:
Blocker. effect one are of the other.
inderect action in a muscle means to:
alter the secretion of N.T. They mess around with re-uptake.
LIttle Billy is stung on his cheek by a wasp. Because he is allergic to wasp venom, his throat beings to swell and his respiratory passages constrict. Would ACh or E be more helpful in relieving his symptoms? Why?
Epinepherine. Becuase it dilates blod vessels. (think B2 receptors. What do they do? What do they prefer?)
While Julie is out for a brisk walk, she is suddenly confronted by an angry dog. Which division of the autonomic nervous system i responsible for the physiological changes that occur in Julie as she turns and runs form the animal?
Sympathetic
Mr. Martin is suffering from a condition known as ventricular tachycardia, in which the hear beats too quickly. Would you suggest an alpha blocker or a beta blocker?
Beta, because heart muscles are controlled by B1 receptors