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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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There is ____ mL/kg of blood in the body
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80
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Order of hematocrit from high to low?
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newborn
male female |
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A low hematocrit indicates ____
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anemia
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A high hematocrit indicates ____
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polycythemia
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One would have a _____ hematocrit at high elevation. Why?
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high
increases oxygen carrying capacity |
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High body water would result in ____ hematocrit
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low
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Low body water would result in ____ hematocrit
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high
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Anemia due to nutritional deficiencies is related to low ____ and ____.
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iron
folic acid |
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Anemia due to pernicious is related to no ____ in the ____ resulting in no ____ absorption in the ____.
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IF
stomach B12 small intestine |
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Anemia due to aplastic is related to ____.
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bone marrow blood cell production
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Anemia due to renal is related to low production of ____.
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EPO (erythropoietin)
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Anemia due to hemolytic is from what?
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increased breakdown of RBC
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What diseases are associated with hemolytic anemia
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malaria
mycoplasma autoimmune sickle cell anemia thalassemia |
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What is hemorrhagic anemia?
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blood loss
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What are the three types of polycythemia?
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primary - overproduction RBC in bone marrow
secondary - increased EPO relative - decrease in plasma |
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Viscous blood could be an indicator of what?
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polycythemia
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What is the % breakdown of plasma
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90 % water
9 % organic 1 % inorganic |
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What is a plasma donation used for?
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coagulation disorders
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Rank blood cells from high to low
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erythrocytes
platelets leukocytes |
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What is the main source of O2 in the blood?
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O2 bound to Hemoglobin (Hb)
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Low O2 causes the kidneys to release ____ causing what?
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EPO
erythropoyesis - production of RBC in bone marrow |
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How is iron transferred in the blood? Why?
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transferrin
free iron is toxic |
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What plasma protein is responsible for colloidal pressure?
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Albumins
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What plasma protein transports lipids, hormones, etc
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globulins
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What plasma protein is synthesized in the liver and is important for clotting?
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fibrinogen
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What makes RBCs flexible
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spectrin
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How much O2 per g of Hb
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1.3
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High levels of unconjugated bilirubin indicate ____ jaundice? Why?
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prehaptic
hemolysis overwhelms the liver |
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High levels of conjugated bilirubin indicate ____ jaundice? Why?
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postepatic
bile duct obstruction - can't be excreted |
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High levels of unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin indicate ____ jaundice? Why?
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hepatic
liver damage |
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What are the 3 steps of hemostasis?
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vascular spasm
platelet aggregation coagulation cascade |
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What are the genetic clotting disorders?
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Von Willebrand disease
Hemophelia |
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What is the nutritional clotting disorder?
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vitamin K deficiency
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Factor VIII is lacking in Hemophelia ____.
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A
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Factor IX is lacking in Hemophelia ____.
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B
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Factor XI is lacking in Hemophelia ____.
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C
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Warfarin - ____
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vit K antagonist
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Heparin - ____
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blocks thrombin
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Hirudin - ____
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blocks thrombin
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Draculin - ____
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inhibits factor IX and X
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