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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The site of original implantation of the fetus
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Decidua basalis
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the membrane that surrounds the conceptus
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decidua capsularis
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the area opposite of the original implantation site
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decidua parietalis
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? has LH like activity and helps maintain the corpus luteum.
http://www.flashcardexchange.com/mycards/add/2150898 "maternal recognition of pregnancy" |
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
(hCG) |
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During what week of pregnancy is the Luteoplacental shift of PROGESTERONE PRODUCTION from Corpus Luteum to the Placenta?
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8th to 12th week of pregnancy
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Has glucose sparing effects on MATERNAL METABOLISM.
-raises mother's blood glucose level -decreases mother's glucose utilization -decrease INSULIN SENSITIVITY |
Human Placental Lactogen
(hPL) |
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Transition of ? synthesis from the corpus luteum to the placenta is known as the ? Shift
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Progesterone
LUTEOPLACENTAL SHIFT |
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Describe the serum concentration levels of Human Placental Lactogen (hPL) during pregnancy
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10 weeks -> low level
linear increase 40 weeks -> high levels |
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Describe the serum concentration levels of Human Chorionimc Gonadotropin (hCG) during pregnancy
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maximum peak at 8th to 12th week of pregnancy
decreases and maintained at low levels throughout pregnancy |
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What is the Progesterone Synthesis pathway in the Placenta?
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Cholesterol --[desmolase]-->
20,22-dihydrocholesterol --[side chain cleavage]--> PREGNENOLONE --[3B-HSD + 4,5 Isomerase]--> PROGESTERONE |
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Describe Maternal Plasma concentration levels of PROGESTERONE during gestation
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continual increase in levels of progesterone
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ANDROGENS from fetal and maternal adrenal are converted to ? by the PLACENTA
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Estrogen
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What is the Placental Estrogen Synthesis Pathway?
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DHEAS --[sulfatase]-->
DHEA --[3B-HSD + 4,5 Isomerase]--> Androstendione --[aromatase]--> Estrone <--[17-oxio-reductase]--> Estradiol |
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What enzyme is responsible for the interconversion of ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL?
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17-Oxido-Reductase
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True or False
The maternal plasma estrogen concentrations during gestation continuously INCREASE |
True
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What hormone is primarily from the PLACENTA and DECREASES myometrial contractility?
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Progesterone
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The fetus is responsible for producing what estrogen hormone?
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Estriol
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True or False
Maternal levels of RENIN and ALDOSTERONE increase during pregnancy with subsequent sodium and water retention (increase in Maternal blood volume) |
True
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What are the heomdynamic changes seen in a mother during pregnancy
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Increased CARDIAC OUTPUT
Decreased VASCULAR RESISTANCE redistribution of blood flow |
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Maternal metabolism is altered by what hormone?
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Human Placental Lactogen
(hPL) |
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? stimulates MYOMETRIAL sensitivity to OXYTOCIN and stimulates ? formation
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ESTROGEN
--increase sensitivity to OXYTOCIN --increase GAP JUNCTION formation |
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While levels of progesterone do not decrease at the end of gestation what is a possible explanation of its decrease in potency?
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progesterone receptor
initially ACTIVE PRB form changes to INACTIVE PRA isoform |
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? inhibits OXYTOCIN and GAP JUNCTION formation during pregnancy.
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Progesterone
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? stimulates UTERINE contractions and are involved in CERVICAL RIPENING.
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Prostaglandins
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The source of the exponential increase in maternal plasma CRH concentration is from the?
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Placenta
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Placental CRH stimulates INCREASES in both ? and ? providing a POSITIVE FEED-FORWARD SYSTEM that are involved with initiation of labor
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CORTISOL
DHEAS |
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? is a potent contractile agonist that increases in receptors near term.
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OXYTOCIN
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What are the physiological alterations that occur due to OXYTOCIN?
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Cervical ripening
Myometrium coupled by gap junctions permits COORDINATED CONTRACTS during labor |
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What is the FERGUSON REFLEX?
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Pressure applied to the Cervix / Vaginal wall results in release of OXYTOCIN
stimulation of UTERINE contractions causes increase in OXYTOCIN production (POSITIVE FEEDBACK) |
