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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The property of muscle tissue that allows it to return to its original shape after stretching or excercise is called?
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Elasticity
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The proprty of muscle tissue that describes its ability to receive and respond to stimuli is?
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Excitability
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The function of Ca+ ions in skeletal muscle contraction is?
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Bind troponin on the thin myofilaments so that the myosin-binding sites on actin can be exposed
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What structures meet at the neuromuscular junction?
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Axon and Sarcolemma
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The function of myoglobin is to do what?
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bind oxygen for aerobic respiration
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The purpose of the phosphagen system is to do what?
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store high energy phosphate groups for ATP production
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The sustained partial contraction of a portion of skeletal muscle is called?
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tonus
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A motor unit is?
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A motor neuron plus all the skeletal muscle fibers it stimulates
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The synaptic vessicles seen in the axon terminal at a neuromuscular junction contain?
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Acetylcholine
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The sarcomers are separated from each other by?
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z disks
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The term powerstroke when used relative to skeletal muscke refers to the?
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Swiveling of the myosin heads as they combine with actin
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The function of acytocholinesterase is to?
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Break down acetylcholine
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What is happening during the latent period of muscle contraction is?
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Open Ca+ channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum so that Ca+ ions can diffuse into the sarcoplasma
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A sustained muscle contraction that lacks even partial relaxation between stimuli is referred to as?
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complete tetanus
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Thin myofilaments contain?
_______, ________, _____ |
Actin, tropinon and tropomyosin
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The all or nothing principle of skeletal muscle contraction states :
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ALL THE MUSCLE CELLS of an individual motor unit will contract to their fullest extent or not at all.
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During the DEPOLARIZATION phase of an action potential, what is the primary activity?
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Na + ions are flowing into the cell
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During the DEPOLARIZATION phase of an action potential, which of the following situations exist?
The inside of the membrane is becoming more (positive or negative)with respect to the outside |
The inside of the membrane is becoming more positive with respect to the outside
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During the REPOLARIZATION phase of the action potential, whcih of the following exists?
The inside of the membrane is going to be more (positive/negative) |
The inside of the membrane is going to be more negative
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When the ions are moving across the membrane during the depolarization and repolarization phases of the action potential, they are moving by?
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simple diffusion
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Which of the following events occurs first?
Repolarization, Depolarization |
Depolarization
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The term salutatory conduction refers to?
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Conduction of a nerve impulse along a myelinated axon
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Neurotransmitters control the passage of ions thru?
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Chemically gated channels
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The absolute refractory period of a neuron is the time:
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during which a second action potential cannot be initiated, no matter how strong the stimulus
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local anesthetics such as procaine and lidocaine block pain sensations by?
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Preventing the opening of voltage-gated Na+ ion channels
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Action potentials occur only when?
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Voltage gated ion channels open
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Which of the following components of a reflex arc are in the correct order?
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receptor, sensory neuron, integrating center, motor neuron, effector
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The contralateral reflex that helps you maintain balance when the flexor is initiated is the?
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crossed extensor reflex
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Which of the following occurs when trying to focus on a close object?
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Contraction of the ciliary muscle to make the lens more convex
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The first step in visual transduction is:
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absorption on light by photopigment rods
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Tapping the knee during a ohysical exam tests for the patellar reflex which is a?
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stretch reflex
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An ipsilateral monosyaptic reflex that is important in maintaing muscle tone and muscle coordination during excercise is the?
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stretch reflex
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Carrots contain carotenoids which are necessary for the the formation of what?
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the retinal portion of photopigments
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When the stapes move back and forth, it directly causes what to happen?
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the oval window moves in and out
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which of the following event what event of hearing occurs first?
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the tympanic membrane vibrates
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a scratch on the corean most directly interferes with ?
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refraction
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what are two causes of alkalosis?
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hyperventilation and aspirin overdose
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The two hormones that regulate the reabsorbption in the final portion of the DCT and collecting ducts are?
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aldosterone and ADH
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The permeability of the collecting ducts to water is regulated by?
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ADH
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In the proxiomal convulted tubule, symporteds that use the Na+ ion concentration difference are responsible for reabsorption of?
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both glucose and amino acids
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Filtration of blood in the glomeruli is promoted by?
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Blood hydrostatic pressure
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Cell sof the following are normally found in uring except
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glucose, RBC, WBC and protein
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The forces that oppose filtration of substances fro teh glomerular capilliaries into the glomerular space include?
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Blood colloid osmotic pressure and capsular hydrostatic pressure
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Levels of Na+ ion in the ECF are regualted by?
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Aldosterone, atrial natruertic peptide (ANP) and ADH
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Which of the following would serve to buffer H+ ions?
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HCO3- bicarbonate ion
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Hypokalemia is?
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low plasma levels of K+ ( potassium ions)
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which of the following is not an important role of Ca+ ions in the body?
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buffer for metabolic acids
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he ion that acts as a cofactor for Na+ and K+ is?
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Magnesium
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The sweet odor of diabetic urine is due the the presence of?
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Ketone bodies
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An ion channek that opens in response to direct changes int eh membrane potential is called a _______ _____ channel
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voltage gated
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A membrane whose polarization is MORE negative that the resting level is said to be_____.
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Hyperpolarized
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Rapid opening of voltage gates Na+ ion channels brings about _______.
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depolarization
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Recovery of the resting potential due to opening of the voltage gated K+ ion channels and closing of voltage gated Na+ ion channels is called________.
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Repolarization
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The site of functional contact between 2 neurons or between a neuron and an effector is called a_______.
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synapse
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Bending of light rays as they pass through different media is called_______
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refraction
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The increase in the curvature of the lens for near vision is called_____.
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accomodation
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The photo pigment in rods is called
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rhodopsin
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When daily uring output is less thatn 50ml /day the condition is called_____---
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anuria
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the movement of H20 from the tubular fluid into the blood is called__________
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tubular reabsorption
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the amount of filtrate in all the renal corpuslces of both kidneys every minute is called the ________ _______ ________.
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glomerular filtration rate
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What is the net filtration pressure?
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NFP= 10 mmHg (GBHO) - [CHP+Bcop]
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The primary method by which water moves between fluid compartments is______-
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osmosis
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One screening test for kidney function is the ______ which measures the level of nutrogen in the blood part of urea.
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BUN Blood Urea Nitrogen
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The homeostatic range ofg pH for extracellular fluid is ______ to _______.
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7.35 - 7.45
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The cornea.....
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admits AND refracts light
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the Iris....
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regulates the amount of light which enters the eye
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the Lens...
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refracts light only
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the choroid....
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provides the blood supply and absorbs scattered light
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T/F
Two genes that code for the same trait are ont he same location of homologous c'somes are referred to as alleles? |
True
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T/F
The genetic makeup of an organism is called the genotype? |
True
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T/F
The traits that are expressed are called it's phenotype? |
True
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T/F
Femoles have two c'somes designates as X? |
True
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T/F
Males have an X and a Y C'some? |
True
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