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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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two basic types of synapses
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electrical and chemical
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Formed by connexons or gap junctions (bridges) between communicating cells.
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electrical synapse
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Functionally important in single unit smooth muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells - where they are called ______?
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electrical synapse, intercalated discs
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Bind to chemical-gated receptors on plasma membrane of other neurons, muscle cells, and glandular cells producing _______?
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chemical synapses, post synaptic potential
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______ are a type of graded potential and are not the same as an action potential. Can be either excitatory or inhibitory
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PSP, post-synaptic potential
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Are often (not exclusively) associated with the opening of chemically-gated Na+ channels.
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EPSP, excitatory post-synaptic potential
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two types of chemical synapses
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EPSP and IPSP
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Are often (not exclusively) associated with the opening of chemically gated K+ or Cl- channels.
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IPSP, inhibitory post-synaptic potential
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two types of summation:
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spatial summation and temporal summation
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Occurs when simultaneous stimuli from different pre-synaptic neurons have a cumulative effect on one post-synaptic cell
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Spatial summation
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This occurs when one pre-synaptic neuron fires repeatedly in rapid succession on one post-synaptic cell.
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Temporal summation
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Where are neurotransmitters synthesized:
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either the cell bodies or synaptic end bulbs
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If neurotransmitters are synthesized in cell bodies, where are they packaged?
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They are packaged into secretory vesicles and moved down the axon (axon transport)
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Where are neurotransmitters stored?
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In secretory vesicles within synaptic end bulbs.
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How are neurotransmitters released?
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They are released as a result of electrical activity via exocytosis into synaptic clefts.
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Neurotransmitters are removed from synaptic clefts via specific mechanisms: Name three
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diffusion into surrounding fluids, enzymatic destruction, re-uptake
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