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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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where does filtration occur
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renal corpuscle
- bulk flow |
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the portion of the fluid in plasma that enters kidney that is filtered into bowman’s capsule
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filtration fraction
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glomerular endothelium has what
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fenestrated capillaries
- optimal for filtration |
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Volume of fluid filtered into Bowman’s capsule per unit time
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GFR
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what is GFR influenced by
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net filtration pressure & filtration coefficient
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range of MAP where GFR is relatively constant
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80-180 mmHg
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if MAP is less than 80, GFR will...
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decrease & conserve blood volume
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where does tubuloglomerular feedback happen
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ascending loop of Henle & wall of afferent arteriole
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2 groups of cells in JG apparatus:
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macula densa cells & granular cells
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what cells secrete paracrines
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macula densa
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what cells secrete renin
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granular cells
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what paracrines do macula densa cells secrete that are vasoconstrictors
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ATP & adenosine
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what is a vasodilator that controls GFR
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prostaglandins
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apical membrane has microvilli which do what
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increase SA which is good for reabsorption
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how is Na reabsorbed in proximal tubule
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sodium leak channel on apical side, Na/K ATPase on basolateral side
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how is glucose reabsorbed in proximal tubule
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SGLT co-transporter on apical side & GLUT on basolateral side
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is reabsorption of urea passive or active
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passive
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true or false- there is usually no protein in your urine
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true!
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plasma concentration at which the transport protein is completely saturated
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renal threshold
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true or false- secretion requires energy
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true
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penicillin is very efficiently ____
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excreted
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what is used to block penicillin secretion
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probenicid
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the rate at which a solute is removed from the
body by excretion or metabolism |
clearance
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if clearance of X is greater than inulin, then there is net:
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secretion
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are motor neurons firing at rest or when reflex is happening in bladder
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at rest- external sphincter stays contracted
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what does mass balance say?
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what goes in must go out
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where is the majority of water loss?
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in urine (1.5 L/day)
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what does ADH (vasopressin) do?
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increases water absorption in kidneys
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what aquaporins are constitutive
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AQP1, AQP 7, AQP 3 & AQP 4
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where are AQP 3 & 4?
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collecting ducts on basolateral side
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what aquaporin is regulated by ADH
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AQP 2
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what are target cells of aldosterone
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principal cells- in medullary collecting duct
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what does aldosterone do
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reabsorption of Na
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what does ANG II stimulate to release
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vasopressin (ADH)
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