Physio I (3.) Conduction Of The Ap In Nerve Cells

Front 1

What five key components comprise the Neuron?

Back 1

Cell body,Dendrites, Axon, Axon Terminal and Schwann Cells

Front 2

What structure is in charge of incoming messages in the Neuron?

Back 2

Dendrite

Front 3

What structure is in charge of outgoing messages in the Neuron?

Back 3

Axon

Front 4

What does it mean when a Nerve Cell (Neuron) is described as having Electrical Excitability?

Back 4

That it has the ability to Generate, Propagate and Respond to Action Potentials.

Front 5

How are AP's propagated by the Dendrite?

Back 5

Afferently

Front 6

What does it mean to propagate afferently with regard to direction and signal?

Back 6

Towards the Center/Signal Input

Front 7

How are AP's propagated by the Axon?

Back 7

Efferently

Front 8

What does it mean to propagate efferently with regard to direction and signal?

Back 8

Away from the Center/Signal Output

Front 9

What structure surrounds the axon in MOST mammalian neurons?

Back 9

Schwann cell

Front 10

What is the advantage of having an axon enshrouded?

Back 10

Myelination increases the speed of conduction

Front 11

What is the most common type of Neuron?

Back 11

Interneuron

Front 12

What is the job of an interneuron?

Back 12

It connects two other neurons and transmits info from the first to the second neuron.

Front 13

What type (s) of neurons carry info to the Brain and Spinal cord?

Back 13

Sensory or Afferent neurons

Front 14

Describe the role that Sensory neurons play.

Back 14

They respond to external stimuli and Generate/Propagate AP's

Front 15

Who carries info out of the brain or spinal cord to the effector cells?

Back 15

Motor or Efferent Neurons

Front 16

List some examples of effector cells.

Back 16

Muscle cells or gland cells

Front 17

What is considered to be the 'source' of information for the initiation of an AP?

Back 17

Receptors

Front 18

Describe what a receptor does.

Back 18

Transforms a Stimulus into a corresponding rate of AP's

Front 19

List the types of Stimuli.

Back 19

Mechanical, Physical or Chemical

Front 20

Are Receptors open or selective?

Back 20

Selective.

Front 21

Are receptors able to respond to more than one type of stimuli?

Back 21

Yes but only weakly to some and to others, not at all. Very selective!

Front 22

How are the AP's of a receptor conducted?

Back 22

Afferently

Front 23

Mechanoreceptors convert what events into what type of info?

Back 23

Physical events into electrical information.

Front 24

What are five types of Mechanoreceptors?

Back 24

skin tactile sensibilities, deep tissue sensibilities, hearing, equilibrium and arterial receptors

Front 25

Free nerve endings are an example of what two mechanoreceptors?

Back 25

Both Skin Tactile and Deep Tissue sensibilities (Also have in common Ruffini's endings)

Front 26

Name of the type/location of your hearing mechanoreceptors.

Back 26

Sound receptors of the cochlea

Front 27

Name of the type of mechanoreceptor responsible for equilibrium .

Back 27

Vestibular receptors

Front 28

Name of the type and location(s) of your aterial mechanoreceptors.

Back 28

Baroreceptors of Carotid sinuses and Aorta. (re:blood pressure)

Front 29

Thermoreceptors convert what into usable information?

Back 29

Heat (or lack thereof)

Front 30

Electromagnetic receptors covert what into usable information?

Back 30

Light

Front 31

The two types of thermoreceptors are indicative of what stimulus they react to. What are they?

Back 31

Cold and Warmth

Front 32

Cones and rods are the only type of what Electromagnetic receptor?

Back 32

Vision

Front 33

Name the SIX types stimuli Chemoreceptors respond to.

Back 33

Taste, Smell, Gas, Pain, Osmolality & Blood Glucose..(amino/fatty acids)

Front 34

Taste Buds and the olfactory epithelium are receptors to what two stimuli, respectively?

Back 34

Taste and Smell

Front 35

An example of a Gas concentration receptor would be...?

Back 35

O2 in Aorta & Carotid artery/// CO2 in CNS, Aorta and Carotid

Front 36

Free nerve endings are receptors to what Chemical stimulus?

Back 36

Pain

Front 37

Osmolality (measurement of dissolved ions) stimulates receptors where?

Back 37

Most likely the CNS

Front 38

The Hypothalamus is the receptor site to what three stimuli?

Back 38

Blood Glucose, Amino Acid and Fatty Acid concent.

Front 39

What does an Encapsulated nerve have that a free nerve ending does not?

Back 39

Many layers

Front 40

Many layers increase the ____ for ___ in the Encapsulated Nerve ending.

Back 40

Sensitivity for Pressure

Front 41

How is the conductivity of the multi-layered ENE influenced by pressure changes?

Back 41

Change in pressure can increase or decrease the layers' ionic conductivity