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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a preprohormone, where is it produced, where is it stored, and what stimulates its release?
when is it cleaved? |
synthesis location: nerve cell body
storage: NT vesicles (Herring Bodies) in POSTERIOR PITUITARY stimulus: neural activity during axonal transport. |
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What is the anterior pituitary/posterior pituitary made of and from what parts during embryology?
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anterior pituitary: oropharyngeal cells, rathke's pouch of stomodeum
posterior pituitary: neural crest cells, infundibulum of diencephalon |
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What is an important biochemical feature of preprohormones?
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Disulfide, cysteine bonds - from neurophysin
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What blocks ADH secretion?
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cold temperature
alpha-adrenergic agonists ethanol cortisol |
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What are V2 receptors?
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ADH acts on them in the kidney with cAMP to increase water permeability.
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What are V1 receptors?
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In EXTREME blood loss situations, ADH also acts on V1 receptors using phosphatidyl inositol to initiate SYSTEMIC vasoconstriction.
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how does diabetes play into ADH stimulation, and what is the difference b/w nephrogenic and neurogenic diabetes?
symptoms? |
nephrogenic: renal resistance to ADH
neurogenic: no ADH synthesis in response to hyperosmolarity symptoms: HUGE URINE OUTPUT |
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What is SIADH?
treatment? |
Increased ADH output.
you get tons of water retention demeclocyclone (blocks cAMP dependent kinase) water restriction |
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Oxytocin
1. stimulation 2. effects 3. enhancer? 4. inhibitor |
stimulators: sex induces oxytocin and contractions. suckling on breasts also.
effects: uterine contractions (FERGUSON reflex) estrogen makes oxytocin bind better in breasts alcohol + sympathomimmetics (epinephrine) inhibit oxytocin |
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where do you have oxytocin receptors?
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the myoepithelial cells in the mammary glands, as well in the uterus which increase during pregnancy
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