Physiology Part1

Front 1

In pace maker potential

Firing is by

Recovery is by

Back 1

By ca L type of channels

Recovery is by k channels closure

Front 2

Pre pontential phase is seen in action potential of

Back 2

Pacemakers av sa nodes

Front 3

In isolated cardiac muscle repolarization is from

Back 3

Endocardium to epi

Front 4

Action potential in sa node is

Back 4

Slow depolarizing

Repidly repolarizing

Front 5

Fastest conducting fibres in heart

Back 5

Purkinji fibres

Front 6

Type of atrial contractions

Back 6

Meiotic

Front 7

Ventricular systole is 0.3sec

In that isovol contraction___

Ejection__

Back 7

0.1

0.2sec

Front 8

Diastasis occurs in_____ phase of cardiac cycle

Back 8

Ventricular diastole

Front 9

Ecg T waves occurs just before ____ phase of cardiac cycle

Back 9

Protodiastole

Front 10

If HR inc SV also inc

If HR>160bpm what happens to SV

Back 10

Decreases

Front 11

Methods of cardiac output measurement

Back 11

Ficks method

Dye dilution technique

Thermodilution

Front 12

In bradycardia if iv saline is give venous return to RA increases and causes stretch of fibres and heart rate increases effect is called

Back 12

Bain bridge effect

Front 13

More than 50% blood in body is in ____

Back 13

Venous compartment

Front 14

In laminar blood flow velocity is high in

Back 14

Centre laminae

Front 15

Vessels showing wind kessel effect

Back 15

Aorta large arteries

Front 16

If raynaulds number is 2000to3000then it is ____ flow

Back 16

Transient blood flow

Front 17

Most potent circulating vasoconstrictor for regulating bp

Back 17

Neurotensin

Front 18

67% energy to heart is by

Back 18

Free fatty acids

Front 19

Most potent local vasoconstrictor is

Back 19

Endothelin

Front 20

In isotonic exercise

Sbp

Dbp

Back 20

Sbp inc

Dbp dec

Front 21

In isometric exercise what is cardiac output?

Back 21

Not increased

Front 22

Worst economy of heart when

Back 22

Sv and hr both increases as

After load inc and o2consumption inc

Front 23

Plasma is called newtonian fluid because

Back 23

Viscosity doesnt change

Front 24

Adenosine is a vasodilator but it acts as vasoconstrictor in

Back 24

Kidneys

Front 25

Forgotten 12th lead in ecg is

Back 25

avR

Front 26

In ecg complete ventricle depolarization is denoted by ___ segment

Back 26

ST

Front 27

Normal na+

Inside cell

Outside cell

Back 27

In 14

Out 142

Front 28

Nernst potential of na +

Back 28

+61mv

Front 29

In hyperkalemia it leads to_____ phase of action potential

Back 29

Depolarization

Front 30

In relative refractory period excitability potential required is

Back 30

Stronger than usual

Front 31

Rmp is due to_____ of k+

Back 31

Nernst potential

Electrochemical equilibrium of k+

Front 32

In ecg leads all positive deflections seen in leads?

Back 32

Lead I II III

Front 33

A gate is inactive when

M gate is

And

H gate is

Back 33

Open

Closed

Front 34

____ has stabilizing action on na+gates

Back 34

Ca+

Front 35

Time utilization for rheo base current to fire a cell is

Back 35

Utilization time

Front 36

Excitability is more in muscles order

Back 36

Skeletal>cardiac>smooth

Front 37

Sensation from muscle spindle are carried by ____ fibres

Back 37

A type Gamma fibres

Front 38

Nerve cell growth factor is

Back 38

Neurotrophins

Front 39

Action potential which depends upon distance stimulated and recorded areas

Back 39

Broad compound action potential

Front 40

Action potential to reach threshold na+ gated channels are converted from ____ to ___ state

Back 40

Resting to active state

Front 41

Post ganglionic fibres are ___type of fibres

Back 41

C fibres

Front 42

Actin to cell membrane connected by

Back 42

Dystrophin sacroglycan complex

Front 43

during strong contraction ____ zone disappears

Back 43

H zone

Front 44

Synaptobrevin is ____ protein present on ____ in NMJ

Back 44

V snare protein

Present on vesicle

Front 45

In lambert eaten syndrome defective is

Back 45

Ca+ channels of nerve endings

Front 46

Action potential fb

___

Fb muscle twitch

Back 46

Calcium spark

Front 47

During contraction _____ zone is fixed

Back 47

PseudoH zone

Front 48

Proteins that connect

Actin to z line

Myosin to zline

Back 48

Actinin

Titin

Front 49

Rhinodine receptors are present on __

Back 49

Cysterns

Front 50

After ca+ released from cistern it produces contraction of muscle by fusing to

Back 50

Troponin c

Front 51

Short duration of action potential seen in _____ type of muscle

Back 51

Type 2 or white

Front 52

Tetanizing potential and contraction period are____ related

Back 52

Inversely

Front 53

If force of contraction increases then in skeletal muscles motor units will

Back 53

Increase

Front 54

Length of sarcomere at which force of contraction is maximum is

Back 54

Resting or optimum length

Front 55

In malignant hyperthermia cell physiology is

Back 55

Rhinodine receptors defective and leaks ca+

Front 56

Rate at with ap travels in skeletal muscle is

Back 56

5m/sec

Front 57

Equilibrium length is seen in

Back 57

Isolated muscles

Cardiac muscles

Front 58

Ficks law is for ___ transport

Back 58

Simple diffusion

Front 59

GLUT5 carrier is for___

Back 59

Fructose

Front 60

GLUT2 carrier is seen on

Back 60

Pancreatic beta islets

Front 61

Goldman constant field equation is for

Back 61

Diffusability of more than one ion

Front 62

Auxotonic contraction ex?

Back 62

Lv ejection

Front 63

Mechanically gated channels ex?

Back 63

Touch receptors on skin

Front 64

In smooth muscles on contraction 80% shortening is due to

Back 64

Side polar cross bridges

Front 65

In endolymph

Na+ is __

K+ is _____

Back 65

Low

High

Front 66

______ potential due to release of large neurotransmitters

Back 66

End plate potential

Front 67

Fast pain and cold carried by

Back 67

A delta fibres