Physio 3 Bp Regulation

Front 1

MAP=

Back 1

CO X TPR

= SV x HE x TPR

Front 2

name 3 factors that can be altered to change arterial BP

Back 2

1. CO (HR or SV0
2. TPR
3. BV

Front 3

name 3 fast mecrhs that change BP

Back 3

1. arterial baroreceptors
2. cardiopulmonary baroreceptors
3. peripheral chemoreceptors

Front 4

what is the NTS

Back 4

nucleus tractus solitarius

part of brainstem that receives afferent info about BP and integrates it

Front 5

what is the vaso motor center

Back 5

regulates efferent symp adrenergic nerve activity to peripheral resistance vessels

Front 6

what regulates efferent vegal and symp andronergic activity

Back 6

cardiac centers

Front 7

where are arterial baroreceptors located? what do they respond to

Back 7

carotid
aorta

**respond to CHANGES in stretch, these cahnges arise bc of changes in pressure

Front 8

is the set point of baroreceptors permanent?

Back 8

nope, the set point can be reset, ie exercise, HTN

**the baroreceptor responds to a CHANGE in stretch

Front 9

how do signals from baroreceptors make it to the brain stem? what happens there? then what

Back 9

vagus
glossopharyngeal n bring info from the baroreceptor to the brain

in the NTS the info is integrated


Efferent signals are then varries on vagus or SNS fibers

Front 10

what do the baroreceptors do when they see increased BP

Back 10

increase stretch--> take info to NTS by vagus/glossopharyngeal --> integration

**PNS is stimulated to decrease HR (SA)
**SNS is decreased, so HR decreases --> TPR decreases --> Sv decrease --> CO decreases --> MAP decreases

Front 11

what do baroreceptors do when thery receive info that BP is low

Back 11

increases SNS, to increase MAP
decrease PNS

Front 12

what does it mean when the carotid sinus N increases its firing rate

Back 12

means BP is elevated

**info from baroceceptor is carries by the carotid sinus N, which is a branch of glossopharyngeal, to the NTS. When this fires like crazy it means the baroreceptor is senseing an increase in BP

Front 13

what receptors are activated when arterial P increases and the barroreceptors tell the brain

Back 13

1. M2: increase to decrease HR, decrease conduction velocity, decrease contractility

2. B1: inhibited to decrease HR, decrease conduction velocity, decrease contractility

3. a1: inhibited so they dont constrict and there can be decreased TPR

Front 14

how can you test the integrity of baroreceptors

Back 14

Valsava Maneuver

1. expire against a closed glottis to increase intrathroacic pressure

*initial increase in MAP so HR decreases
*decrease in MAP bc venous return decreased so HR then increases

Front 15

when the set point of baroreceptors is elevated due to HTN can it return to its original lower set point

Back 15

sure can

Front 16

where are cardiopulm baroreceptors located

Back 16

low pressure areas of system: atria, veins, pulm arterires

Front 17

what senses BV, cardiopolm baroreceptors or carotid

Back 17

cardiopulm

Front 18

what stimulates cardiopulm baroreceptors

Back 18

increase in central venous volu/pressure

Front 19

what happens when cardiopulm baroreceptors sense an increase in BV

Back 19

1. increase HR (opposed by barpreceptors so this is hard to detect)
2. decrease vasopressin
3. renal vasodilation
4. increase in ANP

Front 20

what are chemoreceptors? what are they activated by

Back 20

detect changes in O2

activated by decreased O2, increased CO2, increased H+

Front 21

what happens when a chemoreceptor is activated

Back 21

there is decreased O2, so SNS is increased

Front 22

who has a more potent resoponse, baroreceptors or chemoreceptors

Back 22

baroreceptors

Front 23

how does capillary fluid shoft act as a BP regulator

Back 23

vasoconstriction will decrease hydrostatic p of capillaries, this decreases filtration so that more liquid is absorbed and BP is higher

Front 24

when there is vasodilation of precapillary arterioles what happens to filtration/absorption. how does this affect BP

Back 24

Dilation will increase hydrostatic pressure and increase filtration, this means less liquid enters the vasculature and BP is lowered

Front 25

when yo have high BP the body wants to lower it so it makes sense that arterioles will...

Back 25

dilate to decrease TPR as well as increase hydrostatic P of capillaries to favor filtration and have a decrease in BV bc its not being reabsorbed

Front 26

name 3 things that cause renin release

Back 26

1. decrease in BP
2. reduced Na flux
3. sympathetic stimulation

**increases TPR, constrictor

Front 27

renin leads to dilation or constriction. how>

Back 27

constriction

**renin activates angiotensin II

angiotensinogen to angiotensin I by renin
ang I to ang II by ACE in lungs

Front 28

what does ANG II do?

Back 28

constrictor, increase TPR
induced ADH release from adrenal cortex

Front 29

what does ADH do

Back 29

ANG II causes its release

**it causes Na reabs, and increase in BV

Front 30

will MAP need to increase or decrease in order to have ANG II/ADH to be a good thing

Back 30

decreased

Front 31

when is vasopressin released?

Back 31

its a constrictor

**when BV decreases, there is decreased stretch, vasopressin is stimulated to be released from post pit, increased water reabs, increased TPR, increase MAP

**LONGER TERM MEDIATOR, NO BARORECEPTOR!

Front 32

vasopressin acts in what two places

Back 32

vascular SM: constrictor
renal collecting tubule: increase H2O absorption