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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mechanical waves |
Require a medium to travel through and physically disrupt that medium (water waves, sound waves, waves on a rope) |
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Electromagnetic waves |
Do NOT require a medium to travel through and cause electric and magnetic disruption (visible light, x-rays, tv/radio waves) |
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Travelling waves |
Carry energy through a medium without any overall movement of the medium |
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Longitudinal waves |
The direction of the vibration is parallel to the direction the wave is traveling (compression and rarefaction) |
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Transverse waves |
The direction of the vibration is perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling |
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Reflection |
The bouncing of a wave off an object |
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Refraction |
The bending of a wave as it enters a different medium and changes speed |
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Diffraction |
The spreading out of a wave as it moves through a gap or around an obstacle |
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Interference |
When waves combine to form a resultant amplitude made up of each wave's individual amplitude that is less than or greater than each individual wave's amplitude (constructive/destructive) |
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Polarisation |
When a wave is confined to a particular plane (transverse waves only) |
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Polaroid Materials |
Polaroid sunglasses, for example, block half of the light waves passing through |
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Stationary (standing) waves |
Waves of the same frequency and amplitude that constructively and destructively interfere to produce a wave pattern in a confined space |
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Node |
The minimum displacement of the wave from its base level |
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Antinode |
The maximum displacement of the wave from its base level |
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Doppler effect |
The apparent change in frequency due to the relative motion of source and observer
f' = fc/c±u f' - apparent frequency f - actual frequency c - speed of wave u - speed of source/observer |
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Sound |
A longitudinal wave carrying energy from a source outwards. It requires a medium to travel through, is produced by vibrating molecules, can be reflected, refracted and diffracted. It can interfere, constructive/destructive louder/quieter (Hz) |
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Resonance |
The transfer of energy between two bodies with the same natural frequency |
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Sound Intensity |
Amount of energy passing through a 1m^2 area per second |
