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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1 mile = ? meters
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1609
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1kg = ? lbs
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2.2
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How do you calculate slope with calc
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STAT, enter
enter data in L1,L2 STAT>Calc>#4 LinReg 2ND,1 , 2ND, 2>enter A value is slope |
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kinematics
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the study of how objects move
uses terrific trio equations |
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projectile
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any object that is launched through the air
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trajectory
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the path of a projectile
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ballistics
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launching at an angle
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range
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the horizontal distance from start to landing (dx)
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when can the range formula be used?
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level ground ONLY
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what angle produced the maximum range?
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45 degrees
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force
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a push/pull exerted on an object that causes objects to speed up, slow down, or change direction as they move
symbol=F unit=N (newtons) |
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contact forces (ex.)
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push of a hand
thrust air resistance spring force |
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field forces (ex.)
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weight
magnets resistance |
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mass, inertia, acceleration:
what type of forces |
NOT FORCES
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why can you feel inertia
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because it has mass
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balanced forces
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equal but opposite in direction so they cancel and nothing moves
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unbalanced force
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causes movement
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net force
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combined force
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Newton's first law of motion
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an object at rest/motion remains that way until acted on by an outside force
inertia-tendency of an object to resist change in motion more mass = more inertia = more resistance |
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Newton's second law of motion
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the sum of all the forces acting on an object equals its total mass X its acceleration
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Newton's third law of motion
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at equilibrium, a force applied to an object has an equal and opposite force applied back
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normal force unit
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N (newtons)
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coefficient of friction
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depends on two surfaces, NOT amount of mass
no units only between 0 and 1 |
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incline plane
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surface is at an angle
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axis
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the straight line around which rotation occurs
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______ causes objects to travel in circular motion
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centripetal force
ex. tension, gravity, friction, electromagnetic field |
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gravitational field =
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acceleration due to gravity
region in space around which a gravitational force is felt |
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Kepler's first law of planetary motion
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planets travel in elliptical orbits
sun is at one focus |
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Kepler's second law of planetary motion
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planet travels in equal areas over equal time intervals
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aphelion
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point furthest from the sun where planet is traveling slowest
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perihelion
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point closest to the sun where the planet travels fastest
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work units
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J (joules)
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vertical force
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perpendicular to the motion so no work
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positive work
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lifting a box, energy transfered to the box
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negative work
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lowering a box, energy transfered to you
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power
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the rate of doing work/transferring energy
unit-watts |
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energy
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the ability to do work
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what type of energy when spring is fully extended?
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all kinetic
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spring constant
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(k)
how difficult it is to pull the coils apart larger k = stiffer spring |
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impulse
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change in momentum
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elastic collision
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objects collide and rebound without lasting damage/deformation/heat generation
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inelastic collision
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objects collide and stick together and become distorted/generate heat
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electromagnetic wave
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needs no medium to travel through so it can exist in space
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mechanical wave
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needs a medium to travel through
transverse/longitudinal |
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transverse wave
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particle moves perpendicular to wave motion
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longitudinal wave
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particle moves parallel to wave motion
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_______ affects wave speed
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medium ONLY
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frequency up, wavelength ______
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down
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interference
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when 2 waves occupy the same space at the same time
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constructive interference
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amplitudes add
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destructive interference
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amplitudes cancel
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incident ray
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strikes the surface
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refraction
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bending of a wave due to a change in medium
speed changes density up, velocity down, bends toward normal line density down, velocity up, bends away from normal line |
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object at focal point...
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NO IMAGE
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diffraction
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bending of waves around a barrier
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sound
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produced by the vibration of a medium
mechanical,longitudinal wave |
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amplitude =
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intensity=loudness
decibels |
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standard speed of sound
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343m/s
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frequency =
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pitch
high pitch = high f = high note |
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ultrasonic/infrasonic
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frequency above 20,000Hz
frequency below 20Hz |
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beat
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throbbing variation in the loudness of sound caused by interference when two tones of similar frequencies are sounded together
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beat frequency
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difference between the frequencies of two tuning forks
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resonance
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occurs when the frequency of forced vibrations on an object matches the objects natural frequency
results in a dramatic increase in amplitude |
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resonant length closed tube
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1/4, 3/4, 5/4
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resonant length open tube
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1/2, 1, 3/2
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Doppler effect
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the apparent change in the frequency of a wave due to the motion of the observer or source
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total internal reflection
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the reflection of the total amount of incident light at the boundary between 2 mediums
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total internal reflection requires...
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light to be in the more dense medium approaching less dense medium
incident angle greater than critical angle |
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critical angle
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the angle of incidence that provides an angle of refraction of 90 degrees along the boundary
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prism reflects ______ percent of light
mirror reflects _______ percent of light |
100%
95% |
