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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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simple harmonic motion
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vibration about an equilibrium position in which a restoring force is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium
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spring force formula
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F=-kx
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Whta does a greater value of the spring constant mean?
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a stiffer spring becaue a greater force is needed to stretch or compress that spring
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What are the SI units of k?
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N/m
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amplitude
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maximum displacement from the equilibrium position
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period
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the time it takes to execute a complete cycle of motion
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frequency
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the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time
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relationship between frequency and perido
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f=1/T or T=1/F
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What does the period of a simple pendulum depend on?
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pendulum length and free-fall acceleration
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What does the period of a pendulum of for small amplitudes depend on?
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not on the amplitude
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formula for a period of a simple pendulum
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period=2pi X square root of (length divided by free-fall acceleration)
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What does the period of a mass-spring system depend on?
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mass and spring constant
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formula for period of a mass-spring system in simple harmonic motion
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period=2pi X square root of (mass divided by spring constant)
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medium
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the material through which a disturbance travels
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mechanical wave
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a wave that propogates through a deformable., elastic medium
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pulse wave
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a single, nonperiodic disturbance
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periodic wave
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a wave whose source is some form of periodic motion
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sine wave
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a wave whose source vibrates with simple harmonic motion
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transverse wave
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a wave whose particles vibrate perpendicularly to the direction of wave motion
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crest
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highest point above the equilibrium position
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trough
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the lowest point below the equilibrium position
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wavelength
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the distane the wave travels during one cycle
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What is parallel to the wave motion?
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vibrations of a longitudinal wave
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longitudinal wave
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a wave whose particles vibrate parallel to the direction of wave motion
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formula for speed of a wave
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speed of a wave=frequency X wavelength
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superposition
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the combination of 2 overlapping waves
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standing wave
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a wave pattern that results when 2 waves of the same frequenc, wavelength, and amplitude travel in opposite directions and interfere
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node
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a point in a standing wave that always undergoes complete destructive interference and therefore is stationary
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antinode
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a point in a standing wave, halfway between two nodes, at which the largest amplitude occurs
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