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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the atomic number and atomic mass of Uranium.
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The atomic number of Uranium 92 and the Atomic mass is 235 and 238.
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How does Fission happen to a fissle Uranium.
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when a slow neutron is absorbed.
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What is the atomic number and atomic mass of Plutonium
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The atomic number of Plutonium 94 and the Atomic mass is 239
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How does Fission happen to fissile Plutonium.
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when a fast neutron is absorbed.
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What is a chain reaction?
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A series of events which influence the next event.
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Which side of the equation is heavier? Neutron+Ur235 -> Kr91+Ba142+3Neutrons
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The left side of the equation is heavier which is Neutron+Ur235 and not Kr91+Ba142+3Neutrons
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What is Nuclear Fission
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Nuclear Fission is when a large nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei
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What is fissle nuclide?
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A nuclide that is capable of undergoing fission after absorbing a neutron.
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What is a fissle fragment?
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The fissile fragment end product (not including neutrons)
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Convert Me into kg
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1.6 x 10^-31Me
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Convert MeV into eV
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10^6eV / 1 MeV
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Convert eV into J
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1.6 x 10^-19J/1eV
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Convert J into mJ
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1 x 10^-3
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What must Uranium-235 absorb before undergoing fission
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a slow moving neutron
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What must Plutonium-239 absorb before undergoing fission
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a fast moving neutron
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What happens to Uranium-238 when it absorbs a slow neutron
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When Uranium-238 absorbs a slow neutron it becomes Uranium-239. Since Uranium-239 is unstabled radioactive decay will occur producing Plutonium-239
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What does a chain reaction require
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A chain reaction needs neutrons which have been released from Uranium-235 or Plutonium-239
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What does Purity have to be?
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Purity and Concentration of an atom must be high or else it won't beable to absorb any neutrons to perform a chain reaction.
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How much fissile material do we need to get a chain reaction going? we assume.
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we assume that the shape of the atom will be sphere and the purity will be 100% pure
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Describe Subcritical
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Has no chain reaction and can be used for transport
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Describe Critical
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has a sustained chain reaction and is used for transport
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Described Super Critical
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Runaway chain reaction and causes explosions.
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What are the three challenges in Thermal Nuclear Reactors
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Establishing a chain reaction, controlling the chain reaction, turning turbines.
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What is the role of the control rod
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materials which can absorbe neutrons these can be lowered and raise in thereactor core so that the amount of neutrons can be controlled. - Allows us to control chain reactions.
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The role of the Coolant
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The role of the coolant is to create energy and cool the water down
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What does the moderator do?
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The Moderator slows neutrons
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What is the function of the control rods?
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the control rods absorb neutrons and maintain chain reactions
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How does a power plant produce eletricity?
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A power plant produces electrity from the heat produced from fissure, causing steam to turn the turbines creating heat
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What is the fuel used in a fast breeder reactor?
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the fuel is Plutonium-239
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Why is the fast breeder reactor called fast?
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it is called fast because it uses fast neutrons to cause Plutonium to go through fission.
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Why is lead unsuitable to be used as a moderator?
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it is unsuitable for a moderator because it is heavy causing the neutrons to go straight past it.
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What happens when the number of neutrons per fission is equal to one?
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When it is equal to one means that the reaction is stabled
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What happens when the number of neutrons per fission is less than one?
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When it is less than one means that the reaction will die out.
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What happens when the number of neutrons per fission is greater than one?
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When the reaction is greater than one it means that the reaction is growing, which could result to an explosion.
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Where is deuterium found?
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deuterium is found in lakes and oceans.
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What is nuclear fusion?
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Nuclear fusion is combining light nuclei to form heavier nuclei.
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What is required to create fusion?
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extreme high temperature is needed to create a fusion reaction
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What must Nuclei (positive) have to overcome Electrostatic forces?
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A Nuclei must have enough speed to overcome the electrostatic forces.
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