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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Coulombs (C)
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-The unit of charge (q)
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Universal Law of Conservation of Charge
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-The universe has no net charge.
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Coulomb's law
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F = k(q1q2)/r^2
-the formula describing magnitude of the force of the repulsion or attraction between two charged objects k = coulomb's constant r = distance between the centers of charge q = respective charges |
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Center of charge
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-a point from which the charge generated by an object or system can be considered to originate.
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Electric field
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-defined as the electrostatic force per unit charge
-symbol is E -E is a vector pointing in the direction of the field and has units of N/C or V/m |
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Voltage
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-Potential for work done by an electric field in moving any charge from one point to another.
-units are volts, scalar -Also J/C. |
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Equipotential surface
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-A surface normal to the field that describes a set of points all with the same potential (voltage)
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Current
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-moving charge
-units given in amps (C/s) -flow is in the direction of positive charge movement |
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Circuit
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a cyclical pathway for moving charge
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Resistance
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-the measure of an object of a particular shape and size to resist the flow of charge
-measured in ohms. |
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Ohm's law
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V = IR
-think of voltage as electrical pressure -R is the resistance, I is the flow. |
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Kirchoff's first rule
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-the amount of current flowing into any node must be same amount that flows out.
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Kirchoff's second rule
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-the voltage around any path in a circuit must sum to zero.
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Electron motive force (EMF)
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-the voltage added to a circuit by a battery
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Capacitor
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-used to temporarily store energy in a circuit
-stores it in the form of separated charge |
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Parallel plate capacitor
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-two plates made from conductive material are separated by a very small distance.
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Capacitance: definition, formula
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C = Q/V
the ability to store charge per unit voltage. |
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Dielectric constant, K
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-the substance between the plates of a capacitor
-substance must be an insulator, otherwise it will conduct electrons from one plate to another, not allowing any buildup of charge. -the dielectric acts to resist the creation of an electric field, thus allowing the capacitor to store more charge. -also limits the possible voltage across the plates, at some maximum voltage the dielectric will breakdown and conduct electricity. |
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Electrical power
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-the electrical energy produced per unit time
-the rate at which heat is generated is the power dissipated. |
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Direct current (dc current)
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-the movement of electrons is in one direction around the circuit
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Alternating current (ac current)
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-created by oscillating electrons back and forth in simple harmonic motion.
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Tesla (T)
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-the units of magnetic field
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