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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Wegner's theory of continental drift |
Backed up ideas: Mountain range patterns Matching fossils Continents fit together Why we wasn't believed : He was not a geologist There were other theories Didn't know why the plates moved |
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Seafloor spreading |
Convection currents cause magma to rise The currents move the solid part of the mantle and the tectonic plates Where the plates have moved apart magma reaches the surface and hardens This creates new ocean floor and pushes the old ocean floor outwards New crust is continuously being formed causing the plates to move by a few a CM's a year. |
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P-Waves |
Longitudinal: Faster than S-Waves Go through solid and liquid |
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S-Waves |
Transverse: Travel through solid |
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Longitudinal |
Each particle goes back and forth Sound travels as longitudinal waves |
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Transverse |
Particles move up and down Light/Water travels as transverse waves |
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Wave speed & frequency |
If a wave travels at a constant speed: Increasing the frequency will decrease the wave length If a wave has a constant frequency: Decreasing the wave speed will increase the wave length |
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Solar system |
Started as dust and gas clouds. They were pulled together by gravity This created an intense heat. Nuclear fusion began and the sun was formed The remaining dust and gas formed smaller masses which were attracted to the sun |
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The sun |
Hydrogen atoms fuse together to produce an atom with a larger mass Binding energy stored in hydrogen atoms is released |
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Measuring distance in space |
Relative brightness: The dimmer a star is the further away it is. Parallax: If you close one eye the stars will move slightly, the more they move the closer they are |
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Red shift |
If a source of light is moving away from you then the wavelength will be longer than if the source was stationary. |
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Hubble's law |
The speed at which a galaxy is moving away is proportional to its distance |
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Objects in our solar system |
Planets: 8 large masses that orbit the sun Moons: Small masses that orbit planets Asteroids: Small rocky masses that orbit the sun Comets: Small icy masses that orbit the sun Dwarf planets: Small Masses that orbit the sun |
