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125 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Accuracy
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The Extent to which a measured value agrees with the standard value of a quantity.
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Balance
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A tool use to measure the weight of something.
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Calorimeter
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Device that Isolates objects to measure temperature changes due to heat flow.
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Data
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Resulting values collected in an experiment.
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Degrees
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A Unit for temperature
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Dependent Variable
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Thje Unchange variable in an experiment.
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Frequency
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Number of occurerences per unit time.
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Gamma-rays
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The result of accelerating charges in the nucleus of an atom.
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grams
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The Derivative unit of Mass in the metric system
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Hypothesis
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Something taken to be true for the purpose of argument or investigation; an assumption.
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Independent Variable
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The variable that is changed in an experiment.
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Joules
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The SI unit of energy , work or heat eqaul to one newton-meter.
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Kilograms
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The SI unit for Mass
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meter Stick
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A tool for measuring length totally equallign one meter.
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Millimeters
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The derivative unit for length.
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Nanometer
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A derivative unit of length equalling 1 million to the minus nine.
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Pigment
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A shade of color or a drop of color.
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Procedure
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Steps taken in the conduction of an experiment.
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Range
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the horizontal distance a projectile travels.
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Scientific Notation
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Numbers expressed in the form M*10^n
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Thermometer
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a tool for measuring temperature.
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Heat
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Quantity of energy transferred from one object to another as a result of a difference in temperature.
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Heat Energy
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Energy That flows as a result of changes in temperature.
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Heat Transfer
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The flow of heat either by conduction, convection or radiation.
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Joules
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the SI unit of measurement of energy; equivalent to kg-m2/s2.
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Kinetic Energy
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the energy of an object in motion.
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Specific Heat
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the heat capacity of a substance per unit mass.
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Temperature
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a measure of how hot or cold an object is with respect to a reference object.
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Thermal Equilibrium
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the state of objects in thermal contact when they no longer change each other's temperature.
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Amplitude
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the maximal displacement of an object in simple harmonic motion; the peak-to-peak height of a wave.
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Angle of Incidence
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Angle between direction of motion of waves and a line perpendicular to the surface waves are striking.
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Angle of Reflection
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Angle between direction of motion of waves and a line perpendicular to the surface the waves are reflected from.
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Angle of refraction
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ANgle between direction of motion of waves and a line perpendicular to the surface the waves have been refracted.
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Bell jar
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A jar used to measure a wave property.
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Concave lens
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a lens that causes parallel light rays to diverge.
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Concave Mirror
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Reflects light from its inner surface
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Constructive Interference
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superposition of waves resulting in a combined wave with amplitude larger than the component waves.
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Convex lens
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a lens that causes parallel light rays to converge.
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Convex Mirror
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a mirror that reflects light from its outer surface.
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Destructive Interference
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Superposition of waves resulting in a combined wave with zero amplitude.
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Doppler effect
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the change in frequency of a wave produced by a moving source. Approaching sources have a higher frequency, and retreating sources have a lower frequency.
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Electromagnetic wave
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Wave consisting of oscillating electric and magnetic fields that move through space at the speed of light.
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Energy
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the ability to do work.
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Focus
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the point at which light rays from a mirror or lens intersect.
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Frequency
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the number of complete cycles of simple harmonic motion per unit time; the reciprocal of period; the number of wave cycles passing a fixed point per unit time.
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hertz
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the SI unit of measurement of frequency; equivalent to s-1.
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Image
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Reoroduction of object formed with lenses or mirrors.
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Image size
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The magnitude of the image.
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Incident
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the first angle in a reflection.
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Index of refraction
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an intrinsic property of a transparent substance, which measures the speed of light in the material compared to the speed of light in a vacuum.
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intensity
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the amount of energy carried by a wave across a unit area in a unit time.
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interference
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The result of the superposition of two or more waves.
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inverted
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brought in towards.
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law of reflection
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Angle of incidence equal to angle of reflection.
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law of superposition
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The displacement of a medium caused by two or more waves is the algebraic sum of the displacements caused by the individual waves.
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lens
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An optical device design to converge or diverge light.
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longitufinal wave
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a wave in which points on the wave move parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
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medium
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The material in which a wave travels.
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mirror
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An object that produces a reflection of its image.
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node
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A point that is completely undisturbed when two waves combine.
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Orientation
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The direction followed in the course of a trend, movement, or development.
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period
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the time of one complete cycle of simple harmonic motion; the time for one wave cycle to pass a fixed point.
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ray diagram
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a drawing of light rays used to analyze a set of optical devices, such as a lens or mirror.
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real image.
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an image produced in an optical device, such as a lens or mirror, that is formed by converging rays.
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reflection
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The reproduction of an object by a mirror.
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refration
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the bending of light when it passes across the boundary between two media with different indices of refraction.
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sound
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A production of the compression and rarefraction of matter.
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snell's law
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a ray of light bends in such a way that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant.
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speed
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The ratio of the distance travel to the time interval.
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speed of light
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3.0*10^8m/s in a vacuum.
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speed of sound
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343m/s in air.
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transverse wave
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a wave pulse in which points on the wave move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
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tuning fork
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A device used to find properties of sound.
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ultraviolet
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the strongest rays of sunlight.
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upright
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An image that doesn't change its original stance.
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vacuum
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Open space without air resistance.
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vibration
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A rapid linear motion of a particle or of an elastic solid about an equilibrium position.
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virtual image
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an image produced in an optical device, such as a lens or mirror, that is formed by the extension of diverging rays.
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wavelength
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the distance between identical points in a wave cycle.
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charge
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a property of attraction which either holds particles together or keep them apart.
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charge distribution
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The sharing of charges either by conduction or induction.
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charged particle
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A particle that has either a negative or a positive charge.
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electric field
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Property of space around a charged object that causes forces on other charged objects.
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electrostatic force
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Forces produced by electric charges.
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magnitude
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The size of a quantity.
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vectors
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a quantity with magnitude and direction.
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coil
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A wire that electricity can flow through.
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electromagnet
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A device that that uses electric current to produce a concentrated magnetic field.
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electromagnetic
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of relating electromagnets
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energy transformation.
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The conversion of energy into different forms by a generator or a motor.
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Induction
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the process by which electromotive forces are generated in a circuit due to changes in a magnetic field.
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magnet
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a body having the property of attracting iron and producing a magnetic field external to itself;
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magnetic field intensity
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The strength of magnetic fields.
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magnetic forces
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forces produced by the repelling of magnets.
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north pole
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one end of a magnet; the end that attracts the south pole.
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south pole
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one end of a magnet; the end that attracts the north pole.
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battery
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A device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy consisting of two dissimilar conductors and electrolyte.
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circuit
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closed loop arrangement of elements such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, and batteries, through which electrical current flows.
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current
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the amount of electric charge passing a point per unit time.
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dissipitate
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used up or diminished in some ohter way.
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electricity
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the property of an object to restore its shape after deformation.
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equivalent resistance
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a single resistance that could replace several resistors.
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induced
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Man made, planted. doesn't occur naturally.
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kinetic energy
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the energy of an object in motion.
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mechanical
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Relating to, produced by, or dominated by physical forces.
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Ohms
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the SI unit of measurement of resistance; equivalent to V/A.
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parallel plates
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two plates with opposite charges.
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parallel circuits
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Circuits which have two or more current flow paths.
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potential difference
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the energy of an object due to its position or internal structure.
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power
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the rate of change in energy, or the rate of doing work.
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resistor
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a circuit element that impedes the flow of current.
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solar
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Of relating to the sun as in solar energy.
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series circuit
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elements that are connected so that they have the same electrical current conducted through them.
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voltage drop
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The change in the potential difference of an object.
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watts
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the SI unit of measurement of power; equivalent to J/s.
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alpha decay
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The process in which the nucleus emits an alpha particle.
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atomic mass
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the total number of nucleons in a nucleus.
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beta decay
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radioactive decay process in which an electronor positron and neutrino is emmitted from a nucleus
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gamma ray emmision
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A result of accelerating charges in the nucleus of an atom.
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half-life
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the time required for half of a radioactive sample to decay.
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positron emmision
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The emmision of antiparticles equivalent to electrons.
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photoelectric effect
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the emission of electrons by certain metals when the appropriate wavelength of light is shined on them.
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radioactice decay
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spontaneous change of unstable nuclei into other nuclei.
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radioactive material
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a material that can spontaneously split and emit particles.
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wave-particle duality
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The spliting of wave particles.
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