Physics Space Time And Motion

Front 1

What is a scalar quantity?

Back 1

These are quantities that only have magnitude

Front 2

What is a vector quantity?

Back 2

These are quantities with magnitude and direction

Front 3

What are the 3 steps for adding vectors at right angles?

Back 3

Draw out the vectors head to tail,

Use Pythagoras to calculate the magnitude,

Use trig to calculate bearing or direction

Front 4

How do you add vectors not at right angles?

Back 4

You use a relationship and protractor to carefully draw a scale diagram and then measure the length and angle of resultant vector

Front 5

What does the gradient mean?

Back 5

Rate of change

Front 6

What is speed?

Back 6

This is the rate of change of distance, eg the distance travelled in a certain amount of time. Meters per second

Front 7

What is displacement?

Back 7

This is the shortest distance between two points in a given direction

Front 8

What is velocity?

Back 8

This is the speed in a given direction, or the rate of change of displacement

Front 9

What is acceleration?

Back 9

The rate of change of velocity

Front 10

How do you find velocity on a displacement time graph?

Back 10

You find the gradient of a line connecting 2 points

Front 11

How do you find instantaneous velocity of a point?

Back 11

You find the gradient of a large tangent to the curve

Front 12

What is the area under the line on a Vt graph?

Back 12

Displacement

Front 13

What are the Suvat equations?

Back 13

V=U+at

S=UT+1/2AT^2

S=VT+1/2AT^2

S=1/2(U+V)T

V^2=U^2+2AS

Front 14

What is the method for finding relative motion?

Back 14

Reverse the direction of the vector of the thing whose form of reference you are considering

Add the vectors head to tail

Front 15

What are the rules for free body diagrams?

Back 15

Front 16

What is a resultant force?

Back 16

The sum of all the forces acting on a body

Front 17

What is a vector diagram?

Back 17

When vectors are added together by drawing head to tail

Front 18

What's the resultant force of an object in equilibrium?

Back 18

0

Front 19

What must the vector diagram do if an object is in equilibrium?

Back 19

It must form a closed polygon

Front 20

What's Newton's 1st law of motion?

Back 20

An object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains at constant velocity unless a resultant force acts. This is known as inertia

Front 21

What's Newton's 2nd law of motion?

Back 21

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the magnitude of the resultant force (in the same direction), and inversely proportional to the mass of the object

Front 22

What is the equation that supports the 2nd law?

Back 22

ΣF=ma

Front 23

What is a Newton?

Back 23

This is the resultant force required to accelerate a mass of 1kg at a rate of 1ms^-2

Front 24

What is Newton's 3rd law?

Back 24

If body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts an equal size force in the opposite direction on body A

Front 25

What are the 5 rules for Newton's 3rd law pairs?

Back 25

1. Same type of force

2. Same magnitude

3. Act along the same line of direction

4. Act in opposite directions

5. Act on two different bodies

Front 26

What is a contact force?

Back 26

This is the repulsion between electrons on the outer surface of two objects

Front 27

What is momentum?

Back 27

Mass X velocity equals momentum and is measured in Kgms^-1

Front 28

What is rate of change of momentum also known as?

Back 28

Impulse, this can be found by the product of the size of the force and the time it's acting for. Δρ=Ft

Front 29

What is the area under a force time graph?

Back 29

This is impulse

Front 30

What is the kinetic energy equation involving momentum?

Back 30

Ek=ρ^2/2m

Front 31

What is work done?

Back 31

This is the point at which a force acts on a body and is displaced. W=FΔs

Front 32

What are the units for work done?

Back 32

Kgm^2S^-2

Front 33

What is the component for work done of the force acting along the line of displacement?

Back 33

ΔW=FΔs(Cosθ)

Front 34

What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

Back 34

ΔEg=MgΔh

Front 35

What is the formula for Kinetic energy?

Back 35

Ek=1/2Mv^2

Front 36

What is the formula for Elastic potential energy?

Back 36

Eel=1/2Fx=1/2kx^2

Front 37

What is the gpe gained by an object when moved to a height, h, equal to?

Back 37

It's eqaul to the work done in moving the object to the height

Front 38

What happens to the Ek if an object doubles its speed?

Back 38

It's Ek increases by a factor of 4

Front 39

Where does the formula for Eel come from?

Back 39

It comes from hookes law and the fact work is done when stretching

Front 40

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Back 40

"the total energy in a closed system remains constant"

Front 41

What is power?

Back 41

Power is the rate at which energy is transferred or work done

Front 42

What is an equation for power?

Back 42

P=ΔE/Δt=Fv

Front 43

How do you calculate efficiency for energy?

Back 43

(Useful energy transferred/total energy transferred) x 100

Front 44

How do you calculate efficiency for power?

Back 44

(Useful energy power output/ total power input) x 100

Front 45

What is mass?

Back 45

Mass is a measure of the amount of substance present, set by the number and type of atoms present in the object

Front 46

What is weight?

Back 46

Weight is the force acting on the object when a mass is placed in a gravitational field. W=Mg

Front 47

What is the equation for drag force?

Back 47

Fd=1/2ρV^2CdA. ρ=density of the fluid, V=speed, Cd=the drag force coefficient which depends on the object, A=area of the object