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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe Pump Handle motion
Describe bucket handle motion |
~Occurs in the upper ribs and increases the AP diameter
~Occurs in the Lower ribs and increased the Transverse diameter with an outward and upward motion |
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Primary Muscles of respiration
Accessory Muscles of respiration |
Diaphragm, intercostals
SCM, scalenes, SA, Pec. Major and minor, Trap and erector spinae |
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The diaphragm accounts for_____ of the tidal volume while in standing and sitting. And _____ in supine. AND ____ of the vital capacity in all positions.
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2/3
3/4 2/3 |
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The diaphragm is bilaterally innervated by what nerve?
What do the intercostal muscles do? |
Phrenic Nerve
prevent the intercostal spaces from being drawn in or bulged out during respiration. |
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What muscles are responsible for forced expiration?
The right and left lungs have how many lobes? |
Abdominals and internal intercostals
R-3 L-2 |
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Each lobe of the lung is supplied by its own__________.
The apex of the lung is the top or bottom of the lungs? |
Bronchial segment.
Top |
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Up until the 16th division of the bronchial tree what is occuring?
at what division does gas exchange occur? |
Conduction only
23rd |
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Why does more aspiration occur in the Right main bronchus rather than the Left?
What are the two kinds of cells and line the alvelous? |
Bc the right is more vertical and it is wider and shorter than that Left
Squamous and Granular |
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What kind of cells secrete surfactant?
What does surfactant do? |
Granular
Provide surface tension, keeps alveolar sacs from collapsing. |
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What are the pores of Kohn and Lamberts canals?
Fibrosis |
Channels that interconnect aveoli and allow collateral ventilation.
Scar tissue between capillary and alveoli |
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Pulmonary edema/pneumonia
Gas exchange only occurs w/i alveoli that are... |
fluid filled alveoli
ventilated and perfused |
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ventilation
Perfusion |
air provided at the level of exchange
blood the supplied at the level of exchange |
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Dead space
Anatomic dead space Physiologic/alveolar dead space |
area that is ventilated and not perfused
~Natural conducting airways ~Areas of the lung that arent perfused |
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total dead space
1/3 of the ____is normally dead space |
alveolar + anatomic dead space
Tidal Volume |
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Shunt
Normally caused by... |
Portion of the lung perfused but not ventilated.
~obstruction that is preventing ventilation |
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The V/Q ratio in the lungs:
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 |
>1
=1 <1 |
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pure shunt
Pure dead space Total lung capacity(TLC) |
NO VENTILATION V=0- low V/Q
NO PERFUSION Q=0 HIGH V/Q Max amount of air that is in the lungs after max inhalation. VC + RV= 6L |
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Tidal Volume (TV)
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) |
the amount of air breathed in and out during normal quiet breathing 500-600mL
~ after a normal inspiration a forced deep breath in 3L. |
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Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
Residual volume (RV) |
After a normal exhalation a forced exhalation 1.1-1.2L.
The amount left in the lefts after forced exhalation |
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Functional residual capacity (FRC)
Inspiratory capacity (IC) Vital Capacity (VC) |
ERV+ RV
TV+IRV=total amount breathed in during 1 deep breath after normal exhalation. Total amount during a deep breath in then a forced breath out 4.8L |
