Physical Science Written Quiz 2

Front 1

A beaker has a mass of 200 g. What is the mass of a liquid if the beaker plus the liquid have a mass of 286 g.

Back 1

86 g

Front 2

A plastic container has a mass of 56.7 g. When cooked pasta is placed in the container, the total mass is 170.1 g. What is the mass of the pasta?

Back 2

113.4 g

Front 3

A crystal with a volume of 28 mL is placed in a graduated cylinder that has been filled with water to the 70-mL mark. What will the new reading on the cylinder be?

Back 3

98 mL

Front 4

A graduated cylinder is filled with water to the 24-mL mark. When a rock is place in the cylinder, the level rises to the 53-mL mark. What is the volume of the rock?

Back 4

29 mL

Front 5

What is the volume of a rectangular block that is 20 cm long, 9 cm wide, and 5 cm high?

Back 5

900 cm3

Front 6

How do scientists use models?

Back 6

Scientist use models such as: pictures, ideas, or objects to explain something based on studies of how it works or acts. A model helps scientist understand how some things act even though it may not look like the object.

Front 7

Explain what an atomic number and a mass number are.

Back 7

An atomic number is a number equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Mass number is the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom of an element.

Front 8

Describe the symbols for elements in the periodic table?

Back 8

most of the symbols are the Greek names for the elements. Each has one or two letters with the first letter capitalized. The symbols do not end with periods.

Front 9

How are table salt and water alike? How are they different?

Back 9

They are both compounds made up of two elements. They are different because table salt is a solid, sodium and chloride atoms and water is a liquid, hydrogen and oxygen.

Front 10

How do the mass number and the atomic number of an element differ?

Back 10

The mass number equals the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom. The atomic number equals the number of protons in an atom.

Front 11

How many inches are in a foot?

Back 11

12

Front 12

How many feet are in 1 yard?

Back 12

3 ft

Front 13

How many minutes are in 1 hour?

Back 13

60 minutes

Front 14

How many seconds are in 1 minute?

Back 14

60 seconds

Front 15

How many seconds are in 1 hour?

Back 15

3600

Front 16

What is the mass equivalent to 1 kilogram (kg)?

Back 16

1,000 g

Front 17

What is the mass equivalent to 1 centigram (cg)?

Back 17

1/100 g (0.01g)

Front 18

What is the mass equivalent to 1 milligram (mg)

Back 18

1/1000 g (0.001 g)

Front 19

12 centimeters 5 millimeters

+ 5 centimeters 3 millimeters

____________________________________

Back 19

17 centimeters 8 millimeters

Front 20

20 meters 10 millimeters

+ 23 millimeters

___________________________________

Back 20

20 meters 33 millimeters

Front 21

39 meters 9 millimeters

- 1 meter 6 millimeters

_________________________________

Back 21

38 meters 3 millimeters

Front 22

6 m x ___________ = 48 m2

Back 22

8 m

Front 23

___________X 70 m = 140 m2

Back 23

2m

Front 24

10 m X 10 m X 10 m =

Back 24

1000 m3

Front 25

225 cm X 150 cm X50 cm =

Back 25

1,687,500 cm3

Front 26

How are physical changes and chemical changed different?

Back 26

In a physical change the substance remains the same; only some of the properties change. In a chemical change, a new substance is produced and the elements react with one another.

Front 27

How many electrons does the K level of an atom hold?

Back 27

2

Front 28

How many electrons does the L level of an atom hold?

Back 28

8

Front 29

How many electrons does the M level of an atom hold?

Back 29

18

Front 30

How many electrons does the N level of an atom hold?

Back 30

32

Front 31

What is the total number of electrons the four levels will hold?

Back 31

60

Front 32

A hydrogen atom has 1 electron. In which level is it?

Back 32

Level K

Front 33

A magnesium atom has 12 electrons. To what level are its electrons found?

Back 33

Level M

Front 34

A zinc atom has 30 electrons. To what level are its electrons found?

Back 34

N

Front 35

A nitrogen atom has 7 electrons. To what level are its electrons found?

Back 35

L

Front 36

A sulfur atom has 16 electrons. To what level are its electrons found?

Back 36

M

Front 37

A lithium atom has 3 electrons. To what level are its electrons found?

Back 37

L

Front 38

An iron atom has 26 electrons. To what level are its electrons found?

Back 38

M

Front 39

A mercury atom has 80 electrons. To what level are its electrons found?

Back 39

O

Front 40

A zirconium atom has 40 electrons. To what level are its electrons found?

Back 40

N

Front 41

A californium atom has 98 electrons. To what level are its electrons found?

Back 41

O

Front 42

What is the difference between a mixture and a solution?

Back 42

A mixture is a combination of substances when no reaction takes place. A solution is a mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another.

Front 43

What is the difference between a solute and a solvent?

Back 43

A solute is the substance that is dissolved in a solution. A solvent is a substance that is capable of dissolving one or more other substances.

Front 44

What is the difference between a mixture and a chemical reaction?

Back 44

A chemical reaction is a chemical change where elements are combined or rearranged. A mixture is a combination of substances in which no reaction takes place.

Front 45

Calculate the average speed:

distance = 120 millimeters

time = 60 seconds

Back 45

2 millimeters per second

Front 46

Calculate the average speed:

distance = 0.015 millimeters

time = 0.10 seconds

Back 46

0.15 millimeters per second

Front 47

An air plane traveled for 5 hours at an average speed of 450 miles per hour. How far did it go?

Back 47

2,250 miles

Front 48

If a runner goes 200 meters in 50 seconds, what is her average speed?

Back 48

4 meter per seconds

Front 49

Tell how speed and velocity are alike and different:

Back 49

Speed is how fast something is going, velocity is the speed and direction a object is moving and they both are alike because they both have speed or measure motion.

Front 50

Tell how inertia and friction are alike and different:

Back 50

Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in it's motion. Friction is a force that opposes motion and occurs when things slide or roll.

Front 51

A car traveled 330 miles in 6 hours. What was it's average speed?

Back 51

55 miles per hour

Front 52

How far can a motorcycle travel at 90 kilometers per hour in 2.5 hours?

Back 52

225 kilometers, (km)

Front 53

Will a car traveling 65 km/hr travel 35 kilometers in a half hour? (Hint: a half hour is 0.5 hours)

Back 53

No, it will only travel 32.5 km in a half hour.

Front 54

What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy?

Back 54

Kinetic energy is energy in motion while potential energy is stored energy.

Front 55

List the six forms of energy

Back 55

electrical, chemical, nuclear, heat, mechanical, and radiant

Front 56

Write the law of conservation of energy:

Back 56

Energy cannot be created or destroyed by can be changed.

Front 57

According to the law of universal gravitation, on what does gravitational force depend?

Back 57

It depends on the product of the masses of 2 objects and on the distance between them

Front 58

Explain Newton's first law of motion and give an example of how it works.

Back 58

If no force acts on an object at rest it will remain at rest. If the object is moving, it will continue moving at the same speed and in the same direction if no force acts on it.

Front 59

Explain Newton's second law of motion and give an example of how it works.

Back 59

The amount of force needed to produce a give change in the motion of an object depends on the mass of the object. Force = mass x acceleration. The larger the mass, the more force is needed to give it a certain acceleration.

Front 60

Explain Newton's third law of motion and give an example of how it works.

Back 60

If an object exerts a force on a second object, the second object will always exert a force on the first object. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Front 61

Explain how energy is converted in an electric power plant:

Back 61

Energy can be converted into electric energy from chemical energy to heat energy to mechanical energy then to electric.

Front 62

Write the chemical formula for the compound described. (You can use the periodic table.)

silver chloride = one atom of silver + one atom of chlorine:

Back 62

AgCl

Front 63

Write the chemical formula for the compound described. (You can use the periodic table.)

Magnesium carbonate = one atom of magnesium + one atom of carbon + three atoms of oxygen:

Back 63

MgCo3

Front 64

Write the chemical formula for the compound described. (You can use the periodic table.)

Lead nitrate = one atom of lead + two nitrate radicals

Back 64

Pb (No3)2

Front 65

Julie rolled a 2-kg ball down a ramp 10 meters long. (Remember, 1 kg = 9.8 newtons) How much work was done?

Back 65

196 Joules

Front 66

A mountain climber who weighs 900 newtons scales a 100-meter cliff. How much work does the climber do? (Work = force x distance)

Back 66

90,000 joules

Front 67

A pitcher threw a ball of 2 newtons and did 330 joules of work. How far did she throw the ball?

Back 67

165 m

Front 68

(Calculate the mechanical advantage)

Effort force = 5 newtons, Resistance force = 15 newtons

Back 68

ma = 3

Front 69

(Calculate the mechanical advantage)

Effort forct = 6 newtons, Resistance force = 12 newtons

Back 69

ma = 2

Front 70

What is the formula for calculating work?

Back 70

work = distance x force

Front 71

What is the unit metric for work?

Back 71

joule

Front 72

What kind of lever has a fulcrum, resistance arm, and effort arm?

Back 72

first, second and third-class levers

Front 73

What kind of lever has the fulcrum between the effort and the resistance and changes the direction of a force?

Back 73

first-class lever

Front 74

What is the formula for calculating mechanical advantage?

Back 74

Mechanical Advantage = resistance force / effort force or Fr/Fe

Front 75

What rises when you apply effort to a movable pulley?

Back 75

The pulley and the object attached will rise.

Front 76

How can heat be produced?

Back 76

by increasing the motion of the particles in matter

Front 77

Explain how heat can change matter.

Back 77

heat causes things to move faster and farther apart. It can change matter from a liquid to a gas or a solid to a liquid or cause matter to expand.

Front 78

Explain how a thermometer placed in warm milk or ice water measures temperature:

Back 78

The heat of milk causes the particles of mercury or alcohol in the thermometer to expand and move up the tube until they stop expanding. The coldness of the water causes the particles of mercury or alcohol in the thermometer to contract and move down the tube until they stop contracting. The number on the tube when the liquid stops is the temperature of the milk or water.

Front 79

How is temperature different from heat?

Back 79

Temperature is the measure of how fast molecules in a substance are moving. Heat depends on the temperature of the substance and the substances mass.

Front 80

Describe how radiation, conduction and convection can heat matter.

Back 80

Radiation carries heat across space or through a vacuum, where there is no matter. Conduction carries heat when molecules bump into each other, or transfer energy. Convection moves heat when particles of gas or liquid rise.

Front 81

You toss a stone into water, and ripples spread out from where it hits. How are these ripples like sound waves?

Back 81

The ripples spread out from the source like sound waves from a vibrating object.

Front 82

Write the colors of the visible spectrum in the order they appear:

Back 82

red; orange; yellow; green; blue; indigo; violet

Front 83

What happens when white light passes through a prism:

Back 83

It is broken into a band of seven colors called the visible spectrum.

Front 84

How many paths does a series circuit have?

Back 84

1

Front 85

How many paths does a parallel circuit have?

Back 85

more than one

Front 86

What's an advantage of a series circuit? What's a disadvantage?

Back 86

advantage is that batteries in a series deliver more energy in the same amount of time. disadvantage is that if one light goes out, they all go out.

Front 87

What's an advantage of a parallel circuit? What's a disadvantage?

Back 87

advantage is only one light goes out other are still bright. disadvantage is it can cause a fire.

Front 88

What happens when electrical devices are added to a series circuit?

Back 88

voltage is lowered in each device

Front 89

What happens when electrical devices are added to a parallel circuit?

Back 89

voltage stays the same in each device.

Front 90

What is the total voltage of batteries in a series circuit?

Back 90

total voltages of all the cells

Front 91

What is the total voltage of batteries in a parallel circuit?

Back 91

voltage of 1 battery

Front 92

Explain how you could use iron filings and a piece of paper to help reveal the effect of a magnetic field:

Back 92

You can sprinkle iron filings on a piece of paper. When you hold a magnet under the paper the iron filings line up to reveal the magnetic field.

Front 93

Why does the north pole of a compass point towards the earth's north magnetic pole?

Back 93

Earth's north magnetic pole acts like the south pole of a magnet. It is called the north magnetic pole because it is near the geographic North Pole.

Front 94

In what direction do sound waves move from a vibrating object?

Back 94

in all directions

Front 95

Describe light. How does it enable us to see objects?

Back 95

Light is a type of electromagnetic wave. Light has properties of both particles and waves. Light waves travel more quickly than anything else does. Light reflects or bounces off objects allowing us to see them.

Front 96

Where do light waves travel fastest?

Back 96

in empty space

Front 97

What does the visible spectrum make up?

Back 97

white light

Front 98

What is the term for the bending of light as it moves from one material to another?

Back 98

refraction

Front 99

What device is used to correct a nearsighted eye?

Back 99

concave lens

Front 100

Sound is produced when matter ___________________, or moves quickly back and forth.

Back 100

vibrates

Front 101

sound travels in _____________, which are produced by vibrations.

Back 101

waves

Front 102

You can only hear sound when it travels through_________________.

Back 102

matter

Front 103

Sound is a form of _____________.

Back 103

energy

Front 104

Light travels as a wave in a _________________ line.

Back 104

straight

Front 105

Seeing a flash of lightening before hearing the thunder is evidence that light travels ________________ than sound.

Back 105

faster

Front 106

The visible spectrum is the band of colors seen in a _________________.

Back 106

rainbow

Front 107

Small bundles of energy that make up light are ___________________.

Back 107

photons

Front 108

Scientists agree that light has properties of both ___________________ and waves.

Back 108

particles

Front 109

Three types of mirrors are convex, concave, and ________________.

Back 109

Plane

Front 110

Compare how mirrors and lenses affect light rays.

Back 110

Mirrors reflect light rays at an angle that depends on the angle of approach. Lenses refract light rays at an angle that depends on the type and shape of the lens material.

Front 111

How is light reflected? How is it refracted?

Back 111

Light is reflected by being bounced off objects. It is refracted, or bent, when it passes through different material that changes its speed and direction.

Front 112

When one bulb goes out, the other bulbs remain lit in a(n):

Back 112

parallel circuit

Front 113

The earth is sometimes described as a giant ________________.

Back 113

magnet

Front 114

Al electromagnet will not work without a(n) ______________________:

Back 114

electric current

Front 115

Telephone use electromagnets to change electric currents to ______________________:

Back 115

sound waves

Front 116

When the north poles of two magnets are placed together, the poles ________________ each other:

Back 116

repel

Front 117

Describe how electricity flows through a circuit.

Back 117

Electricity flows from the power source through the wires to a bulb lighting up the bulb and then to the power source.

Front 118

Describe the difference between a series circuit and a parallel circuit.

Back 118

A series circuit has only one path. If one electrical device goes out, all go out. Adding electrical devices lowers the voltage through each device. Increasing the number of power sources increases the voltage of the circuit. A parallel circuit has more than one path. If one electrical device goes out, others stay one. More current runs through the circuit when electrical devices are added. Increasing the number of power sources does not increase the voltage.

Front 119

Explain how a compass works.

Back 119

The hands of a compass are attracted to Earth's magnetic pole.

Front 120

Explain what happens when a bar magnet it cut in half.

Back 120

Both halves become magnets with a north pole and a south pole.

Front 121

Explain how electromagnets work.

Back 121

Electromagnetism is using electricity to produce a temporary magnet by passing a current through a wire wrapped around an iron core. An electromagnet works as long as current flows through it.