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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a state of matter that starts as a gas and then becomes ionized
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• Plasma
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the capacity to do work
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• Energy
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the kinetic energy of a substance's atoms
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• Thermal Energy
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the change of a substance from a liquid to a gas
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• Evaporation
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the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas
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• Sublimation
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the change of a substance from a gas to a liquid
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• Condensation
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What is the Kinetic Theory
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• All matter is made up tiny moving particles
• The higher the temperature, the faster the particles move • Larger particles move slower than smaller particles |
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Solids have:
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• A rigid structure
• Definite volume • Definite shape • Particles that have no freedom to move |
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Two types of solids:
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Crystalline, Amorphous
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• Liquids:
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• Have definite volume
• Do not have definite shape • Particles have some freedom to move |
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Gases:
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• Change shape and volume
• Move very rapidly |
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Plasma State:
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• Makes up 99% of known matter in the universe (sun and stars)
• No definite shape or volume • Particles break apart • Conduct electricity |
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2 types of plasma
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Natural, Artificial
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a non solid state of matter in which the atoms or molecules are free to move past each other, as in a gas or liquid
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• Fluid
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the upward force exerted on an object immersed in or floating on a fluid
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• Buoyant Force
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the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface
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• Pressure
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the principle that states that the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is an upward force equal to the weight of the volume of fluid that the object displaces
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• Archimedes' Principle
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the principle that states that a fluid in equilibrium contained in a vessel exerts a pressure of equal intensity in all directions
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• Pascal's Principle
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the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow
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• Viscosity
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the law that states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas increases as the pressure of the gas decreases and the volume of the gas decreases as the pressure of the gas increases
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• Boyle's Law
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the law that states for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas increases as the temperature of the gas increases and the volume of the gas decreases as the temperature of the gas decreases
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• Charles's Law
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the law that states that the pressure of a gas at a constant volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature
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• Gay-Lussac's Law
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