Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
science
|
system of knowledge and the methods you use to find that knowledge
|
|
technology
|
use of knowledge to solve practical problems
|
|
chemistry
|
study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter
|
|
physics
|
study of matter and energy and the interactions between the two through forces and motion
|
|
geology
|
study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth
|
|
astronomy
|
study of the universe beyond Earth, including the moon, sun, planets and stars
|
|
biology
|
study of living things; also the study of the origin and behavior of living things
|
|
what are the basic rules of nature?
|
1. Space and Time
2. Matter and Change 3. Forces and Motion |
|
What are the 3 branches of natural science?
|
Physical science, Earth and space science, and life science
|
|
Physical science
|
focuses on non-living things
|
|
what are the 2 main areas of physical science?
|
chemistry and physics
|
|
define earth science
|
the application of physics and chemistry to the study of Earth
|
|
What is the foundation of Earth science?
|
geology
|
|
What is the foundation of space science?
|
astronomy
|
|
what is the problem of subdividing science into different areas?
|
the problem is that there is often overlap between them and the boundaries are not always clear
|
|
what is the range of Earth and Space Science?
|
geology, astronomy, meteorology, oceanography
|
|
what is the range of Life Science?
|
botany, zoology, ecology, genetics
|
|
explain Space and Time
|
the universe is both very old and very big
|
|
explain Matter and Change
|
a very small amount of the universe is matter. matter has volume and mass.
|
|
explain Forces and Motion
|
if you push something that is sitting still, it starts to move. if you push something that is already moving, you will change its motion. Forces cause changes in motion.
|
|
can energy be transferred from one form or object to another?
|
Yes, but it can never be destroyed
|
|
True or False:
Energy exists in many forms. |
True
|
|
True or False:
Moving objects have a kind of energy called kinetic energy. |
True
|
|
What is potential energy?
|
when objects move against a force
|
|
Are science and technology interdependent?
|
Yes. Advances in one lead to advances in the other
|
|
How does the process of science start and end?
|
it begins with curiosity and ends with discovery
|
|
what is the relationship between science and technology?
|
they are interdependent and advances in one lead to advances in the other
|
|
what are the branches of natural science?
|
physical science, earth and space science, life science
|
|
scientific method
|
an organized plan for gathering, organizing and communicating information
|
|
observation
|
information that you obtain through your senses
|
|
hypothesis
|
a proposed answer to a question
|
|
manipulated variable
|
the variable that causes a change in another
|
|
responding variable
|
the variable that changes in response to the manipulated variable
|
|
controlled experiment
|
an experiment in which only one variable, the manipulated variable, is deliberately changed in a time
|
|
scientific theory
|
a well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results
|
|
scientific law
|
a statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature
|
|
model
|
representation, of an object or event
|
|
what is the goal of a scientific method?
|
is to solve a problem or to better understand an observed event
|
|
how does a scientific law differ from a scientific theorgy?
|
scientific law describes an observed patter in nature without attempting to explain it. The explanation of such a pattern is provided by a scientific theory.
|
|
why are scientific models useful?
|
they make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to observe directly.
|
|
What are 3 types of variables in a controlled experiment?
|
manipulated variable, responding variable, other variables kept constant
|
|
Does every scientific method begin with an observation?
|
No. it varies case to case
|
|
scientific notation
|
a way of expressing a value as the product of a number between 1 and 10 and a power of 10
|
|
length
|
the straight-line distance between 2 points, is the meter (m)
|
|
mass
|
the quantity of matter in an object or sample, is the kilogram (kg)
|
|
volume
|
is the amount of space taken up by an object
|
|
How man metric units is SI built upon?
|
7, known as base units
|
|
density
|
the ratio of an objects mass to its volume.
Density = Mass/Volume |
|
conversion factor
|
a ratio of equivalent measurements that is used to convert a quanitity expressed in one unit to another unit
|
|
precision
|
a gauge of how exact a measurement is
|
|
significant figures
|
are all the digits that are known in a measurement, plus the last digit that is estimated
|
|
accuracy
|
is the closeness of a measurement to the actual value of what is being measured
|
|
thermometer
|
an instrument that measures temperature, or how hot an object is
|
|
Why do scientists use scientific notation?
|
because it makes very large or very small numbers easier to work with
|
|
what units do scientists use for their measurements?
|
they use a set of measuring units called SI, or the International System of Units
|
|
How does the precision of measurements affect the precision of scientific calculations?
|
The prescision of a calculated answer is limited by the least precise measurement used in the calculation.
|
|
List the SI units for mass, length, and temperature
|
Length is Meter (m)
Mass is Kilogram (kg) Temperature is Kelvin (K) |
|
What is the formula for converting Kelvins and degrees Celsius
|
K = C + 273
|
|
slope
|
the steepness
|
|
direct proportion
|
is a relationship in which the ratio of 2 variables is constant
|
|
inverse proportion
|
a relationship in which the product of 2 variables is constant
|
|
How do scientists organize data?
|
by using data tables and graphs
|
|
how can scientists communicate experimental data?
|
by writing in scientific journals or speaking at conferences
|
|
A bar graph is used to compare what?
|
used to compare a set of measurments, amoiunts or changes
|
|
circle graphs are used to show what?
|
used to show how a part or share of something relates to the whole
|
|
line graphs are used for what?
|
useful for showing changes that occur in related variables
|
|
what is the formula for the slope of a line?
|
Slope = Rise/Run
|
|
data tables are used how?
|
used to organize data
|