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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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A mixture that looks uniform when stirred or shaken that separates into different layers when it is no longer agitated.
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What is a Suspension? (186)
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Ex. orange juice w/ pulp, chocolate milk
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A mixture of very tiny particles of pure substances that are dispersed in another substance but do not settle out of the substance.
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What is a Colloid? (187)
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Ex. Gelatin, blood, fog, whipped cream, marshmallows, et. al.
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Any mixture of immiscible liquids in which the liquids are spread throughout one another.
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What is an Emulsion? (188)
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Looks like a single substance unless it is magnified to show it as a colloid.
Ex. cream, mayonnaise, et.al. |
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A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly spread throughout a single phase.
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What is a solution? (190)
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A solute dissolves in a solvent to form a __?___. Ex. salt water, air, vinegar, et.al.
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The substance that dissolves in a solution.
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What is a Solute? (190)
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Generally a solid, Ex. salt dissolved in water
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The substance that dissolves the solute to make a solution.
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What is a Solvent? (190)
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Generally a liquid; water is the universal solvent.
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The quantity of solute dissolved in a given quantity of solution.
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What is a Concentration? (196)
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Dilute is when a small quantity of solute is dissolved in a large volume of solvent; while ? is when a large quantity of solute is dissolved in the same volume of solvent.
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A solution that is able to dissolve more solute.
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What is an Unsaturated Solution? (196)
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This capacity for dissolving more solute can be extended by stirring and heating the solution.
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A solution that cannot dissolve any more solute at the given conditions.
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What is a Saturated Solution? (196)
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When adding more solute just settles to the bottom of the container.
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The greatest quatity of a solute that will dissolve in a given quantity of solvent to produce a saturated solution.
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What is Solubility? (197)
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Another variable to this is the temperature of solvent. Also, not all solutions become saturated such as methanol-water solution where any amount of methanol will dissolve.
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A solution holding more dissoved solute than is specified by its solubility at a given temperature.
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What is a Supersaturated Solution? (197)
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An unstable solution because the solute's solubility is exceeded for a short time. May cause crystalization.
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A concentration unit of a solution that expresses moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution.
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What is Molarity? (198)
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Concentration or _____ = moles of solute
divided by liters of solution; M = mol/L |
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A compound that can reversibly change color in a solution, depending on the concentration of H3O+ ions.
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What is an Indicator? (199)
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Ex. Litmus paper: Acids turn blue litmus paper red and Bases turn red litmus paper blue.
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A compound that can reversibly change color in a solution, depending on the concentration of H3O+ ions.
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What is an Indicator? (199)
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A measure of the hydronium ion concentration in a solution.
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What is pH? (202)
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It is important to keep this balanced in nature, especially human health. The term __ originates from the French words pouvoir Hydrogene meaning "hydrogen power".
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A reaction in which hydronium ions from an acid and hydroxide ions from a base react to produce water molecules.
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What is a Neutralization Reaction? (204)
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In this reaction, the resulting solution is more neutral than either of the reactants.
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These solutions have a pH of 7, acidic solutions have a pH of less than 7, and basic solutions have a pH of greater than 7.
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What is a Neutral Solution? (206)
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A strong Acid solution will ionize completely, a strong Base solution will dissociate completely, and two solutions of equal concentrations and equal volumes are balanced or __?___.
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A cleaner that dissolves in both water and oil.
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What is Soap? (207)
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An emulsifier that lets oil and water mix and keep from separating.
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A nonsoap water-soluble cleaner that can emulsify dirt and oil.
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What is a Detergent? (208)
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Works best with "hard" water which contains dissolved salts of ions Mg2+,Ca2+, & Fe3+
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A substance that kills harmful bacteria or viruses.
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What is a Disinfectant? (209)
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Ex. Bleach NaClO2 or NaOCl in water.
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A weak base that neutralizes excess stomach acid.
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What is an Antacid? (210)
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Ex. Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia), Tums, et. al.
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A substance that donates hydrogen ions, H+, to form hydronium ions, H3O+, when dissolved in water.
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What is an Acid? (199)
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Sour, corrosive, dangerous to skin if strong, diluted ones will burn skin, turn blue litmus paper to red.
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A substance that either contains hydroxide ions, OH-, or reacts with water to form hydroxide ions.
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What is a Base? (210)
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Properties are tastes bitter, slippery to touch, will burn if strong, and turn red litmus paper blue.
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An ionic compound composed of cations bonded to anions, other than oxide or hydroxide anions.
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What is a Salt? (205)
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Often ionic compounds soluble in water.
Ex. Aluminum Sulfate Al2(SO4)3 to purify water, Potassium Chloride KCl a table salt substitute, Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate NaHCO3 is Baking Soda |
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A basic solution that can either be used as a disinfectant or to remove colors and stains.
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What is Bleach? (209)
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An example of a disinfectant and cleaner. It feels slippery to touch and can burn skin or holes in cloth if concentrated. Removes the color of unwanted stains by oxidizing the compound responsible. ( a whitener)
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A weak base that neutralizes excess stomach acid by changing the pH of a substance.
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What is an Antacid? (210)
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Ex. Magnesium Hydroxide (milk of magnesia) , Rolaids, et. al. Counteract stomach acid as a weak base.
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