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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is diathermy
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Conversive heat
Heating by application of high frequency electrical current electrical energy converted to heat energy |
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how deep does diathermy penetrate
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to muscular layers
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when is diathermy appropriate
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large water content areas
-large muscular areas |
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what are the forms of diathermy
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long wave(obsolete)
short wave microwave |
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what are the physiological effects of diathermy
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local vasodilation
increased capillary blood flow increased reate of fluid transfer across capillary membrane increased exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide increased distant vasodilation by effect on SNS increased tissue metabolism increased phagocytosis increased number of leukocytes relaxation of tissues/muscle from vasodilation |
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what is microwave diathermy
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high frequency electomagnetic radiation
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what is the temperature increase in skeletal muscle with microwave diathermy
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3-6 degrees F
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Where should microwave diathermy not be used
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synovial fluid.cerbrospinal fluid
fluids with increased polarity |
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what are the therapeutic uses of diathermy
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mature contusion or hematoma
myositis or myofascitis fibrositis, tenosynovitis, chronic bursitis neuralgia, neuritis, radiculitis, sciatica subacute or chornic sprain or strain chronic RA, OA Pain due to muscular spasm subacute or chronic inflammatory conditions |
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what are the contraindications for diathermy
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pacemaker
acute hemorrhagic conditions or acute trama heat insensitivity over abdomen with pregnancy or menstration over malignancy acute arthritis or bursitis over metallic implants over synovial joints or CSP systemic or local infections over open epiphyseal plates phlebitis PVD, TB, Hyperthyroidism |
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how does diathermy treatment work
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heating greatest in first few minutes
continues heating effect for up to 20 min towels between applicator and body part intensity determined by pain tolerance |
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what is the treatment schedule for diathermy
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MW 15-20min 3x/week up to 2x daily
SW 20-30min 3x/week up to 2x/day |
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what precautions should be taken with diathermy
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pacemaker
metallic implants insensitivity to heat remove jewelery magnetize watches wooden tables pad bony areas |
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what is ultrasound treatment
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high frequency sound waves
-.8-1.2mHz |
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how does ultrasound work
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electrical current through quartz crystal
produces ultrasonic wave produces heat at interface of tissues of different densities deep penetration best on denser tissues |
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how do you increase the heat with ultrasound
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increase intensity-increase heat-increase penetration
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what is the mechanical effect of ultrasound
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cavitation
split between intermolecular bonds breaks down scar/adhesion Dec joint fluid viscosity increase join capsule permiability |
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what are the chemical effects of ultrasound
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increased enzyme activity
increased cell membrane permiability increased local blood flow decreased metabolite build up decreased muscular spasm |
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what are the therapeutic indication for ultrasound
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break up scar or adhesion
subacute or chornic inflammatory conditions break up mature hematoma muscle relaxation analgesia by vasodilation inflammation post traumatic in soft tissue phonophoresis |
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what are the contraindication for ultrasound
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over spinal cord
over open ephiphyseal plate hemorrhagic conditions over malignancies or tumors over pacemakers over pregnant uterus or reproductive organs vascular insufficency over anesthetic areas over metallic implants |
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what are the techniques for ultra sound
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transducer with coupling agent
underwater -1/2 to 1" off skin |
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what is the rate of movement for transducer
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1cm/sec
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what is the normal range of ultrasound intensity
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.5-2.5watts/cm2
higher underwater |
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what is the treatment schedule with ultrasound
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3x/week to daily
5-12 min shld feel little to no sensation |
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what are the precautions with ultrasound
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if feel xs heat intensity to high
keep moving head keep good contact check transducer |
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what is phonophoresis
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medications driven into tissues via ultrasound
topical corticosteroids |
