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26 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Conductive hearing loss
-Weber test findings -Rinne test findings (+/-?) |
Weber - sound localizes to side of hearing loss
Rinne - NEGATIVE - sound is more easily heard through bone, not air |
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Sensorineural hearing loss
-Weber test findings -Rinne test findings (+/-?) |
Weber - sound localizes to side of good hearing
Rinne - POSITIVE - sound is more easily heard through air, not bone |
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Which drugs are associated with gingival hyperplasia? (2)
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Phenytoin and Nifedipine
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Define strabismus.
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Any misalignment of the eyes
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Define Esotropia.
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A type of strobismus where one eye is deviated inward.
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Patient with HTN and DM complains of sudden unilateral vision loss. One optic nerve is normal, and the other is pale and swollen with splinter hemorrhages. Dx?
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Dx: Ischemic optic neuropathy
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What is the most common cause of ischemic optic neuropathy?
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Occlusion of posterior ciliary arteries.
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What are the two types of diabetic retinopathy? Which is responsible for most of the visual problems of diabetes?
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Proliferative and Non-Proliferative
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Patient has sudden PAINLESS vision loss in one eye. Fundoscopic exam reveals pale retina with macular "cherry red spot". Dx?
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Dx: Central retina occlusion
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Patient has slow, insidious vision loss. Upon clinical presentation, he has dramatic hemorrhaging of the retina. Dx?
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Dx: Occlusion of the retinal vein.
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Findings in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
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Macular edema
Hard exudates Microaneurysms Dot-and-blot hemorrhages |
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Staging of HTN retinopathy?
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G1: Art. narrowing/copper wiring
G2: Add AV nicking G3: Add hemorrhages exudates G4: Add papilledema |
Grades 1 to 4
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Which muscle does CN4 control?
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Superior Oblique -> Down and In
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Classic complaint of cranial nerve 4 palsy?
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Diplopia upon reading (inability to converge/move affected eye down and in) AFTER a traumatic brain injury or brain surgery.
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What is the latin term for a transient ischemic attack of the retina?
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TIA = amaurosis fugax
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What is the classic presentation of amaurosis fugax?
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Someone is pulling a cover over their eye.
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Patient has hemorrhagic blistering of eardrum. Dx?
Causative organism? |
Dx: bullous myringitis
Organism: Mycoplasma spp. |
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Pathogenesis of cholesteatomas?
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Chronic otitis media -> perforation -> keratinized squamous epithelial proliferation
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What is the eponym of Bell's palsy caused by HSV?
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Ramsay Hunt syndrome
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Patient has unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Diagnosis?
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Acoustic neuroma.
AKA schwannoma |
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Nystagmus is named for which of its components: slow or fast?
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Fast
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What is the main trait of congenital nystagmus?
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Disappears with convergence
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Healthy patient has nystagmus when asked to gaze to far left. Diagnosis?
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End-point nystagmus.
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Patient has nystagmus that only occurs in one direction of lateral gaze.
Describe nystagmus. Diagnosis? |
Asymmetric lateral nystagmus
Dx: vestibular disease |
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If there is no slow component or fast component of nystagmus, just back and forth motion, what is this called?
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Pendular nystagmus
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Patients with brainstem lesions (eg, trauma, stroke, etc) will have what forms of nystagmus? (3)
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Up-beating
Down-beating Rotary |
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