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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Oculus Dextra
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the right eye OD
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oculus sinistra
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the left eye OS
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oculus uterque
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both eyes OU
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Rosenbaum vision card and ducymentation of near vision
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pocket sized snellen chart used by doctors for post cataract surgery patients. scaled down to test near vision
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Peripheral fields of vision
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non-center fields of vision
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Cardinal Planes of gaze
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one of six positions that test cN. III, IV, and or VI.
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Accomodation/convergence reflex
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ability of the eyes to use binocular vision as one image. accomodation. ability of the eye to focus on an obeject at various distances/depth
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Direcct reflex
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stimulation of one eye directly innervates the opposite eye. ie constriction of one eye has the same effect in the other eye. tests affenerent and efferent nerves.
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consensual reflex
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stimulation of good eye constricts pupil of the blind eye. stimulation of the blind eye does not constrict the pupil of the good eye.
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Swinging penlight/ flashlight test
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tests for optic nerve damage, negative response signals marcus gunn pupil. should react equally with consensual constriction
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anisocoria
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unequal size of pupils
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Adies pupil
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unequal pupils caused usually by viral or bacterial infection. infection interferes with postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic innervation of the eye. characterized by tonically dialated pupil.
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Argyll robertson pupil
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bilatteraly small pupils that constrict (accommodate) but do not react to light stimulus. Prostitution eye, they accomodate but do not react.
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Marcus Gunn Pupil
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decreased constriction in affectted eye. good eye has equal rxn, lesion of optic nerve decreases rxn in effected eye
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Horners syndrome
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associated with stroke, tumor or spinal cord injury. drooping eyelid, decreased pupil size, and decreased sweating on face side of affected eye.
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Amsler grid
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grid test used to diagnos macular degeneration, eye disease, or optic nerve damage. specifically test the retina.
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Ptosis
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"fall" drooping eyelid. worsens as day lengthens, weak muscles or damage to CN III
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Hordeola and chalazia
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a STYE, an infection of the sebaceous glands at the base of the eyelids, meibomian glands or glands of Zeis. MC. in children
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Conjunctivitis
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pink eye, infection of the membrane that lines the eyelid and eyball. redness and gritty serum in the eye
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Xanthelasma
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yellowish collection of cholesterol underneath the skin usually on or around the eyelids. mc. in asian an dmedeterainian descent
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exopthalmos/proptosis
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bulging of the eye anteriorly out of the eye socket.
bilateral= graves disease unilateral=orbital tumor |
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Hyperthyroidism (eent signs)
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euthyroid = hyper
dysthyroid= hypo hyper comon in pregnancy. hypo- all systems slow down |
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cataracts (eent)
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clouding of the lens, corrected by removal of the lens and insertion of a artificial lens.
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Diabetes mellitus
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polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, increased urination,thurst and hunger
microaneurisms, hemorraghes, cotton wool spots, exudates , edema of the retina. |
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Glaucoma
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increased internal presure of the eye, obstruction of the aqueous humor flow. cupping of the disk, destruction of optic nerve and fibers
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Chronic hypertension
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cotton wool spots, flame hemorrages, retinal or macula edema, macula star, arteriolsclerosis
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Retinal microaneurysms
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earliest sign of diabetic retinopathy, small round red dots on the retinal surface increases wiht retinal involvment, not assoc, with vessels
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Retinal hemorrhages
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bundles of straw or flames,indicative of ischemic retina, leads to exudates of fluid, lipids and proteins.
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Retinal exudates
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bright white reflective lesions on the retina. indicate increased perm. leading to edema of retina. if macula vison may be lost
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Retinal edema
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increase leaking of fluids into the retina causing edema, causing swelling, if occurs on macula causes vision loss
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choleastoma
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benign growth of skin, keratinizing squamous epithelium
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Otosclerosis
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abnormal bone growth in the middle ear.
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meiniers disease
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dizziness, roaring in the ear, hearing loss comes and goes, unilateral, painfull, can be caused by otosclerosis
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Labrynthitis
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swelling and inflamation of the inner ear usuall causedd by infection main sympton is vertigo
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Darwins tubercle
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condition of thickening of the helix of the ear, gentic condition. same as on simian's (higher primates)
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Tophi
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uric acid crystal accumulation, appear as white or yellowish chaulky nudules
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Sebaceous cyst
aka WEN |
filled with sebum, fatty white semi-solid material origin of sebaseous glands in teh epidermis
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Preauricular skin tags
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common in newborns, possible sinus tract problem, or inherrited facial feature.
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Sinusitis
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sinus inflamation
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Angular cheilitis
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inflamation of the angles of the labial commisure
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acitinic cheilitis
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thickening whitish discoloration of the lips, usually precancerous, leading to squamous cell cancinoma, exposure to ultraviolet sun light
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Angioedema
lymph or blood vessel swelling |
rapid swelling of the dermis, submucosal and subcutaneous tisues. rapid progression is a medical emergency
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Herpes
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oral herpes, fever blisters, cold sores, viral
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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malignant tumor of the skin, lips,mouth,esophagus,urinary bladder, prostate, lungs, vagina , and cervix
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tonsillitis
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inflamation of the tonsils . mc bacterial or viral infection
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Pharyngitis
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inflamation of the throat or pharynx. mc. viral infection, if bacterial mc. streptococcal
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Peritonsillar abscess
aka quinsy |
complication of tonsillitis, collection of pus on tonsils. strep, staph, hemophilus mc. in children
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Gingivitis
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inflamation of gingiva, gum disease. bacterial biofilms
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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abnormal tissue growth under the skin, mc. linign of the mouth,nose, and throat or in other organs. red an dpurple patches, lung tumors can make breathing difficult
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hypoglossal paralysis
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tongue muscle is weak on effected side and will protrude to the weak side, Hypoglossal nerve
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smooth tongue
aka atrophic glossitis |
smooth glossy tongue often tender and painful
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Black hairy tongue
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benign condition filiform papillae become long, result sfrom soft food diet, antibiotics or radiation. can cause thrush
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varicosities of the tongue
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dilated and tortuous veins of the tongue.
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choanal atresia
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blockage of the nassal passaeway by abnormal bone or soft tissue
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Cleft lip and palate
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congenital malformation during gestational developement a gap
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Thrush
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fungus candida albicans, white lesions on tongue or cheek. mc in babies and people with dentures or immunue compromised
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macroglossia
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unusual enlargement of the tongue .hypothyroid disorder
amyloidosis, accumulation of insoluble proteins in tissue |
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Epsteins pearls
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small white to yellow cystic vessels in the median palatal raphe of newborns. spontaneous reslove
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Baby bottle syndrome
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tooth decay caused by high sugar/carb drinks, juice milk . lengthy exposure to bottle and contents.
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presbycusis
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sesniorineural hearing loss due to ageing bilateral, most marked at high frequencies
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xerostomia
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dry mouth due to lack of saliva. common in smokers, decreased saliva increases rate of infections. meth mouth, tooth loss, decay and disease
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Fissured tongue
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grooves in the dorsal an dlateral aspects of the tongue. to varying degrees, unknown etiology, sometimes famial, or associted with downs sydrome. benign
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