Physical Assessment 1

Front 1

CN1

Back 1

olfactory - sense of smell.

Front 2

CN2

Back 2

optic - vision

Front 3

CN3

Back 3

Oculomotor - eye movements. Regulation of size of pupil.

Front 4

CN-IV

Back 4

Troclear - superior oblique muscle of the eye

Front 5

CN - V

Back 5

Trigeminal - general sensation of the head and face. Chewing movements. Proprioception.

Front 6

Trauma which results in skull fracture, tumors and facial surgery may all result in disturbance of peripheral branches of the sensory component of CN ____. This presents as a decrease in sensation to the area served by the peripheral nerve. ________________ results in pain in the lips, gums, cheek or chin without sensory loss. It is generally idiopathic but may be caused by demyelinative plaque, zoster, or tumor.

Back 6

CN V - trigeminal

Trigeminal neuralgia

Front 7

_____________ (lesions of the motor branch of CN V) is caused by tumors of middle cranial fossa, schwannomas of CN V or lesions in cavernous sinus. This leads to asymmetry of jaw on opening or weakness with mastication.

Back 7

Trigeminal Neuropathy

Front 8

these cranial nerves give us a view of the midbrain

Back 8

3 and 4

Front 9

Cranial nerves _________ are located in the pons and give us a view of this level of the brainstem.

Back 9

5, 6, 7, 8

Front 10

This cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus for eye abduction.

Back 10

6

Front 11

The muscular innervation of CN _____ is tested by first observing the patient's face while at rest, specifically looking for nasolabial fold flattening or drooping of the corner of the mouth. The patient is then asked to raise eyebrows, wrinkle forehead, show teeth, puff out cheeks and close eyes tight (while examiner attempts to open eyes). Any weakness or asymmetry may indicate a lesion in the facial nerve.

Back 11

CN VII - facial

Front 12

CN VIII

Back 12

Vestibulocochlear - balance, equilibrium, hearing.

Front 13

Cranial Nerve ______ is tested by assessing gross hearing. This can be done by simply talking to the patient or determining if patient can hear sound of fingers rubbing together by ears

Back 13

VIII

Front 14

Cranial Nerve ____is tested with CN ___ by having patient say "Ah" and looking for symmetrical elevation of palate or by testing the gag reflex.

Back 14

9 - glossopharyngeal and 10 - Vegas

Front 15

CN IX

Back 15

Glossopharyngeal - sensations of the tongue, swallowing movements, secretion of saliva, aid in reflex control of blood pressure and respiration

Front 16

Glossopharyngeal - sensations of the tongue, swallowing movements, secretion of saliva, aid in reflex control of blood pressure and respiration

Back 16

CN9

Front 17

CN10

Back 17

vegas

Front 18

Vegas - Sensation and movements of organs supplied - slows heart, increases peristalsis, contracts muscles for voice production.

Back 18

CN10

Front 19

This nerve is tested by first observing the patient for atrophy or fasciculation in the trapezius muscles, shoulder drooping or displacement of the scapula. The patient is then instructed to turn head and shrug shoulders against resistance. Weakness in turning head in one direction indicates problem in contralateral CN ___, while weakness in shoulder shrug indicates ipsilateral CN _____ lesion .

Back 19

XI - Accessory

Front 20

CN - XI

Back 20

Accessory - Trapezius and SCM. Shoulder movements, turning head, movements of viscera, voice production.

Front 21

Accessory - Trapezius and SCM. Shoulder movements, turning head, movements of viscera, voice production.

Back 21

CN XI

Front 22

CN ___ is in charge of parasympathetic

Back 22

CN10 vegus

Front 23

CN XII

Back 23

hypoglossal - tongue movements.

Front 24

This nerve is tested by first observing the tongue (while in floor of mouth) for fasciculations. If present, fasciculations may indicate peripheral CN___ dysfunction. Next, the patient is asked to protrude tongue and move tongue in all directions.

Back 24

CN XII

Front 25

Extraocular movements are tested by having patient follow examiner's finger throughout 360° range. CN ____?

Back 25

CN III - Oculomotor - eye movement

Front 26

The pupillary light reflex tests for both CN ___ and CN ____.

Back 26

CN II and CN III

Front 27

Cranial Nerve ______ is tested by assessing facial sensation to light touch and pain on the forehead (V1), cheeks (V2) and chin (V3)

Back 27

5 - facial

Front 28

The corneal reflex tests for both CN ___ and CN ____.

Back 28

5 (trigeminal) and 7 (facial)

Front 29

A ________ is a change in the color of the skin. It is flat, if you were to close your eyes and run your fingers over the surface, you could not detect it.

Back 29

Macule

Front 30

A macule greater than 1 cm. may be referred to as a _____________.

Back 30

Patch

Front 31

Freckles are considered _________

Back 31

macules

Front 32

Describe a papule

Back 32

1. Solid raised lesion
2. Distinct Borders
3. less than 1 cm in diameter
***Papules may have a variety of shapes in profile (domed, flat-topped, umbilicated) and may be associated with secondary features such as crusts or scales

Front 33

A ____________ is a solid raised lesion with distinct borders and
Is less than 1 cm in diameter.

They may have a variety of shapes in profile (domed, flat-topped, umbilicated) and may be associated with secondary features such as crusts or scales.

Back 33

Papules

Front 34

_____________ lesions are
raised and scaly.

Back 34

Papulosquamous

Front 35

_________ is a raised solid lesion
more than 1 cm. It may in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous tissue.

Back 35

Nodule

Front 36

Describe a nodule

Back 36

_________ is a raised solid lesion
more than 1 cm. It may in the epidermis, dermis, or subcutaneous tissue.

Front 37

A ________ is a solid, raised, flat-topped lesion greater than 1 cm. in diameter. It is analogous to the geological formation, the plateau.

Back 37

Plaque

Front 38

___________are raised lesions less than 1 cm. in diameter that are filled with clear fluid.

Back 38

Vesicles

Front 39

__________ are circumscribed fluid-filled lesions that are greater than 1 cm. in diameter.

Back 39

Bullae

Front 40

___________ are circumscribed elevated lesions that contain pus. They are most commonly infected

Back 40

Pustules

Front 41

A ________ is an area of edema in the upper epidermis.

Ex. Hives

Back 41

wheal

Front 42

__________ are linear lesions produced by infestation of the skin and formation of tunnels (e.g., with infestation by the scabitic mite or by cutaneous larva migrans).

Back 42

Burrows

Front 43

Brown to gray pigmented, papillomatous-keratotic skin lesions. Changes develop predominantly at the neck, axillae, and cubital fossae, with occasional involvement of mucous membranes.

Back 43

Acanthosis Nigricans (pre daibetic lesion)

Front 44

Seldom metastasizes
Local invasion and destruction
Nodular, cicatricial (scaring), morphaic (ameba like), and erythematoid
>age 40 (95%); hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas (H&N-85%)

Back 44

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Front 45

An infection of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue that consists of a cluster of boils. Commonly, the causative agent is STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.
Produce fever, leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration.

Back 45

Carbuncles

Front 46

Acute benign self- limiting
scaly papular skin eruption
salmon-coloured maculopapular lesions. The long axis is paralle to the line of the cleavage.
Affects chiefly the trunk, and the course is often self-limited.

Back 46

Pityriasis Rosea

Front 47

Small, reddish papules surmounted by fine scales and progress to patches or plaques that measure from one to several centimetres or more in diameter.

Central portions of the patches may heal so that annular, gyrate or circinate figures may be produced.

Back 47

Psoriasis

Front 48

Nail changes are present in 25 - 50 per cent of patients with psoriasis.
Characteristic nail changes include:

Back 48

1. pitting
2. discolouration
3. subungual hyperkeratosis,
4. crumbling of the nail plate
5. onycholysis (separation of the nail plate from the nail bed).

Front 49

Acquired koilonychia may be associated with __________. The nails take a long time to return to normal.

Back 49

Iron Xu Anemia

Front 50

Most common telangiectasia characterized by a vascular, occasionally elevated, central body with symmetrically radiating thin branches, the central vessel being an arteriole.

It occurs mainly on the face, neck, upper trunk, and hands. LIVER DISEASE (cirosis),

Back 50

spider nevus

Front 51

____________ are small derogative blood vessels near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes, measuring between 0.5 and 1 millimeter in diameter. They can develop anywhere on the body but are commonly seen on the face around the nose, cheeks, and chin. They can also develop on the legs, specifically on the upper thigh, below the knee joint, and around the ankles

Back 51

Telangiectasia

Front 52

_________ Pox are angry looking and mostly on the trunk?

Back 52

Small pox

Front 53

__________ Pox start on the limbs.

Back 53

Chicken

Front 54

Burn in which only the outer layer of skin is burned. The skin is usually red, with swelling and pain sometimes present. The outer layer of skin hasn't been burned through.

Back 54

1st degree

Front 55

Burns involving the entire epidermis
erythema and blistering
moist with exudates.
Hypertrophic scarring and postinflammatory hypo- or hyperpigmentation may occur.

Back 55

2nd degree

Front 56

Burns that involve all layers of the skin and cause permanent tissue damage. Fat, muscle and even bone may be affected. Areas may be charred black or appear dry and white.

Back 56

3rd degree

Front 57

Tension and Migraine headaches are the most common recurring headaches

Back 57

true

Front 58

Tension headaches arise in the ________

Back 58

temporal area

Front 59

cluster headaches may be _______?

Back 59

retro-orbital

Front 60

changing or progressively severe headaches increase the likelihood of ___________

Back 60

tumor, absess or mass lesion

Front 61

extremely severe headaches suggest

Back 61

subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningitis

Front 62

nausea and vomiting often occur with migraine but may also present with __________

Back 62

brain tumor and subarachnoid hemorrhage

Front 63

coughing, sneezing or changing head position may have an effect on a headache. An increase in pain due to such maneuvers may be due to

Back 63

acute sinusitis or brain tumor

Front 64

change in vision can be due to refractive errors or ____________

Back 64

hyperglycemia

Front 65

sudden visual loss suggests

Back 65

retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, or occlusion of the central retinal artery

Front 66

difficult with close work =

Back 66

hyperopia = farsighted or presbyopia = aging vision

Front 67

difficult with far off work =

Back 67

nearsighted = myopia

Front 68

Seeing flashing lights and floaters suggests?

Back 68

detachment of vitreous from retina. see doctor asap

Front 69

___________ loss leads to difficulty understanding speech. Noisy environments worsen hearing.

Back 69

sensorineural loss.

Front 70

In _________ hearing loss, noisy environments lake it better.

Back 70

conductive loss

Front 71

otitis media is associated with

Back 71

middle ear and respiratory infection

Front 72

When associated with hearing loss and vertigo, Tinnitas suggests ___________

Back 72

Menier's disease

Front 73

Fever, pharyngeal exudates, and anterior cervical lymphadenopathy - especially without cough - suggests?

Back 73

strep throat -

Front 74

hoarseness may arise from

Back 74

hypothyroidism

Front 75

Thyroid function - Cold intolerance is related to?

Back 75

Hypothyroidism

Front 76

Thyroid function: heat intolerance, palpitation and involuntary weight loss

Back 76

hyperthyroidism

Front 77

Presentation - localized vesicles and bullae on erythematous skin, lichenified plaques

Back 77

contact dermatitis

Front 78

Carbuncles produce _______ ?

Back 78

fever, leukocytosis, extreme pain, and prostration.

Front 79

Hard or bony swellings that can develop in the distal interphalangeal joints (DIP) (the joints closest to the end of the fingers and toes) They are a sign of osteoarthritis and are caused by formation of osteophytes (calcific spurs) of the articular (joint) cartilage in response to repeated trauma at the joint.

Back 79

Herberden's nodes

Front 80

freckles are also called

Back 80

ephelides