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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do you increase inotropy?
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increasing catchecolamines will increase the rate and force of ventricular contractions
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The amount of blood ejected from the ventricle in 1 beat
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stroke volume
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How do you increase diastole?
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decrease heart rate; decrease preload
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Pulmonary edema is caused by decreased compliance in the ________ ventricle
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Left
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A patient comes into the office complaining of swelling in the ankles and abdomen. You diagnose her with peripheral edema. This is due to a decrease in _________
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Right Ventricle compliance
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How has compliance changed if there is an increase in the slope of the passive tension curve?
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compliance decreased
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How will an increase in contractility (causing a decrease in LVESV) effect the ejection fraction?
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the ejection fraction improves because the ventricle contracts harder and pushes more blood out
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How does the body compensate for diastolic dysfunction?
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increase heart rate
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Why is it important for the ventricles to remain compliant?
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compliance gives the ventricle the ability to have large changes in volume without large changes in pressure
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How will cardiac output be effected by a decrease in EDV?
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cardiac output will decrease
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How can stroke volume be increased?
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increase EDV or decrease ESV
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Systolic dysfunction causes the heart to extend diastolic filling time in order to maintain stroke volume. Why does this make the heart less efficient?
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the muscle is farther away from optimal length
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How do you distinguish mitral stenosis from lusitropy?
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mitral stenosis can be heard
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What effect does mitral stenosis have on preload and stroke volume?
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preload (EDV) decreases
stroke volume decreases |
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How does the heart compensate for mitral stenosis?
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left atrial hypertrophy
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Why does atrial hypertrophy cause an increase in pulmonary capillary pressure?
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there is no valve between the left atrium and pulmonary vein
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Why do we not see isovolumetric contraction or relaxation in patients with mitral regurgitation?
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there is no time when the valves are closed all the way so there is always a change in volume
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Mitral regurgitation causes an increase in left arterial ____________
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volume and pressure
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How does mitral regurgitation effect stroke volume?
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stroke volume decreases (it appears to increase but injection into the aorta is actually reduced)
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An increase in the slope of the tension line (lusitropy) is a result of _______________.
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calcium being removed faster
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