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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Increase in size and multicellularity can create problems such as surface area to volume ratio. What prevents the cell from overheating due to this?
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Organelles increase the total surface area, evening out the surface area to volume ratio. i.e. connection between plasma membrane and intracellular membranes such as ER
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Advantages of comparmentalization
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Most or all enzymes of a metabolic pathway concentrated in one location, allows substrates to accumulate in specific comparments, pH, Ions and cofactors, allosteric regulation, storage
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What is an allosteric regulation?
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The process by which a molecule binds to a site on an enzyme other than the active site that changes the enzyme shapes and either acts as an inhibitor or activator. Self limiting. Liken to negative feedback with hormones
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What feature makes a plasma membrane asymmetrical?
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Glycolipids. Only found on the extracellular surface of the membrane.
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What are the two types of membrane models?
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Particulate Model
Lamellar Model |
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What is Particulate membrane model?
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Single layer of globular subunits of proteins and lipids
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What is a lamellar membrane model?
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Sheet-like layers of proteins and lipids. Double layer of lipids between two layers of proteins.
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What factors affect the fluidity of the plasma membrane?
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Cholesterol content, hydration, fatty acid side chain, degrees of saturation, temperature (applies to plasma membrane and organelle membrane)
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What is the most common lipid in the lipid bilayer?
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Phospholipids - consist of phosphotidyl group complexed to structures like choline, serine, etc.
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What factors affect the fatty acid chain of phospholipids?
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Changes in diet (changes length and degree of saturation)
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